Professor Nicole Busby

  • Professor in Human Rights, Equality and Justice (School of Law)

telephone: 0141 330 6927
email: Nicole.Busby@glasgow.ac.uk

Import to contacts

Biography

Nicole Busby was appointed as Professor of Human Rights, Equality and Justice in 2019. She was previously Professor of Labour law at the University of Strathclyde (2012-2019), prior to which she taught at Stirling University and Robert Gordon University.  

She is an expert in equality law. Her main areas of interest include sex discrimination, the reconciliation of paid work and unpaid care, the protection of social and economic rights and access to justice. She regularly works with civil society organisations, both in her academic research and beyond (see Additional Information below).

Nicole regularly provides guidance to policy-makers, including the Scottish Government, on Scotland's human rights and equality law framework. She was Chair of the Academic Advisory Panel of the National Taskforce for Human Rights Leadership (2019-2021). She has served as a member of the First Minister’s Advisory Group on Human Rights Leadership (2018-2019) and as a member of the Scotland Committee of the Equality and human Rights Commission (2017-2020).  

She is committed to working with civil society organisations to produce mutually beneficial research and knowledge exchange to highlight the need for legal and policy reform. Some recent examples of her work in this area include a redraft of the Equality Act (2010) Specific Duties Scotland (Public Sector Equality Duty)   and a Model Sexual Harassment Prevention and Action Policy both produced in collaboration with Engender.

She is the Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Discrimination and the Law and co-chair (with Colm O’Cinneide, UCL) of the Equally Ours Research Network.

She is the author of two monographs: A Right to Care? Unpaid Work in European Employment Law (OUP, 2011) and ‘A History of Regulating Working Families’, with Grace James, (Hart, 2020).

Research interests

Nicole Busby’s research interests lie in the fields of equality and human rights law, specifically in the context of individual socio-economic rights and access to justice. She has published widely on women’s economic rights, with a particular focus on the interface between paid work and unpaid care, and also on individuals’ experiences in asserting and enforcing their rights in the employment tribunal.   

Her approach is socio-legal and inter-disciplinary and she utilises a range of empirical and doctrinal methods to identify how law shapes and is shaped by lived experience. Her work explores how individuals and groups interact with, use and live law in different contexts and she has conducted research on the experiences and perceptions of rural communities, carers, those in precarious work, and litigants in person. 

She is committed to bringing civil society organisations and academics together for mutually beneficial research and knowledge exchange. 

Nicole’s research has been funded by the European Research Council, the ESRC, the AHRC, the Society of Legal Scholars, the Socio-Legal Studies Association, the Legal Education Foundation and the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland.  

Publications

List by: Type | Date

Jump to: 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 | 1998 | 1996
Number of items: 86.

2025

Busby, Nicole and Cannon, Catriona ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6813-7412 (2025) Positive equality and human rights duties in Scotland. Edinburgh Law Review, 29(2), pp. 312-323. (doi: 10.3366/elr.2025.0968)

2024

Busby, Nicole (2024) The Worker Protection (Amendment of Equality Act) Act 2023: implications for protection against sexual harassment. Industrial Law Journal, 53(3), pp. 505-523. (doi: 10.1093/indlaw/dwae031)

Busby, Nicole and Zahn, Rebecca (2024) Less than zero? The fragmentation of worker protection in UK employment law and the promise of an alternative economy. Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal, 44(1), pp. 1-22.

Busby, Nicole (2024) Advancing human rights law in Scotland. European Human Rights Law Review, 2024(1), pp. 69-77.

Busby, Nicole (2024) Gendered pay inequality: the unpaid care and paid work divide. In: Benedí Lahuerta, Sara, Miller, Katharina and Carlson, Laura (eds.) Bridging the Gender Pay Gap through Transparency. Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. (In Press)

2023

Ormston, Rachel, Busby, Nicole, Mair, Jane ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0157-7034, Reid, Dot ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7306-9680, Diaz, Alice and Millar, Catriona (2023) Civil Justice System's Pandemic Response: Research Findings. Documentation. Scottish Government.

Ormston, Rachel, Busby, Nicole, Mair, Jane ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0157-7034, Reid, Dot ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7306-9680, Diaz, Alice and Millar, Cat (2023) Civil Justice System’s Pandemic Response. Documentation. Scottish Government.

Boyle, Katie and Busby, Nicole (2023) Subnational incorporation of economic, social and cultural rights – can devolution become a vehicle for progressive human rights reform? Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly, 74(1), pp. 63-94. (doi: 10.53386/nilq.v74i1.1013)

Camps, Diana Maria Josephina ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5616-0482 and Busby, Nicole (2023) Competing Conceptions of Human Rights: From Rhetoric to Rights Provision. Socio-Legal Studies Association annual conference 2023, Derry-Londonderry, Northern Ireland, 4-6 April 2023.

Busby, Nicole and James, Grace (2023) COVID-19 and the legal regulation of working families. In: Stychin, Carl (ed.) Law Humanities and the Covid Crisis. Series: Reimagining Law and Justice. University of London Press: London, pp. 207-230. ISBN 9781911507390

2022

Zahn, Rebecca and Busby, Nicole (2022) Trade unions, women's labour, and the gig economy. In: Ness, Immanuel (ed.) The Routledge Handbook of the Gig Economy. Routledge, pp. 145-157. ISBN 9781003161875 (doi: 10.4324/9781003161875-12)

Busby, Nicole (2022) Anonymous Reporting of Sexual Harassment: A Literature Review. Documentation. Engender.

Zahn, Rebecca and Busby, Nicole (2022) Women's labour and trade unionism - a dangerous combination? In: Shaw, Jo, Fletcher-Watson, Ben and Ahmadzadeh, Abrisham (eds.) Dangerous Women: Fifty Reflections on Women, Power and Identity. Unbound: London.

Busby, Nicole (2022) MODEL Sexual Harassment Prevention and Action Policy. Documentation. Engender.

Busby, Nicole and Engender (2022) Redraft of The Equality Act 2010 (Specific Duties) (Scotland) Regulations 2022. Documentation. Engender.

Webster, Elaine, Busby, Nicole and Miller, Alan (2022) Integrated Implementation of Scotland’s Human Rights Framework. Workshop Series Findings, October 2022. Documentation. The Centre for the Study of Human Rights Law, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow.

2020

Busby, Nicole (2020) The Essential Features of an Equality Clause and the Potential Incorporation of CEDAW. Documentation. Scottish Government.

Busby, Nicole and McCall Smith, Kasey (2020) Incorporation of the CERD and CRPD and Equivalent Rights Provision for LGBTI Communities and Older Persons. Documentation. Scottish Government.

Busby, Nicole and McDermont, Morag (2020) Fighting with the wind: claimants’ experiences and perceptions of the employment tribunal. Industrial Law Journal, 49(2), pp. 159-198. (doi: 10.1093/indlaw/dwz018)

Busby, Nicole (2020) Response: vulnerability and labour law: on the transition from theory to practice. In: Bedford, Daniel and Herring, Jonathan (eds.) Embracing Vulnerability: The Challenges and Implications for Law. Routledge: Abingdon. ISBN 9781138476929

Busby, Nicole (2020) Reconsidering historical perspectives anew: old ideas adapted to new forms of work. In: Blackham, Alysia, Kullaman, Miriam and Zbyszewska, Ania (eds.) Theorising Labour Law in a Changing World: Towards Inclusive Labour Law. Hart Publishing, pp. 71-78. ISBN 9781509921560

Busby, Nicole and James, Grace (2020) A History of Regulating Working Families: Strains, Stereotypes, Strategies and Solutions. Hart Publishing. ISBN 9781509904600 (doi: 10.5040/9781474203043)

2019

Busby, Nicole (2019) Rainey v Greater Glasgow Health Board: judgment and reflexive statement. In: Cowan, Sharon, Kennedy, Chloe and Munro, Vanessa (eds.) Scottish Feminist Judgments: (Re)creating law from the Outside In. Hart Publishing, pp. 269-291. ISBN 9781509923267

Busby, Nicole and Weldon-Johns, Michelle (2019) Fathers as carers in UK law and policy: dominant ideologies and lived experience. Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 41(3), pp. 280-301. (doi: 10.1080/09649069.2019.1627085)

2018

Miller, A. et al. (2018) Recommendations for a New Human Rights Framework to Improve People’s Lives: Report to the First Minister. Documentation. First Minister’s Advisory Group on Human Rights Leadership.

Busby, Nicole (2018) The Civil Society Brexit Project: Brexit and Equality Rights. Documentation. SULNE and Human Rights Consortium Scotland.

Busby, Nicole and Fletcher, Maria ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8725-4895 (2018) The Civil Society Brexit Project: Brexit and Women's Rights. Documentation. SULNE and Human Rights Consortium Scotland.

Busby, Nicole and Zahn, Rebecca (2018) The Civil Society Brexit Project: Brexit and Employment Rights. Documentation. SULNE and Human Rights Consortium Scotland.

Busby, Nicole and Zahn, Rebecca (2018) Implications for equality, employment and human rights in Scotland. In: Bringing Human Rights Home? What’s at Stake for Rights in the Incorporation of EU Law after Brexit. Liberty, pp. 44-46.

Busby, Nicole (2018) The evolution of gender equality and related employment policies. International Journal of Discrimination and the Law, 18(2-3), pp. 104-123. (doi: 10.1177/1358229118788458)

Busby, Nicole (2018) Scotland’s Expert Advisory Group on the UN Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women, CEDAW Committee’s Shadow Report for Scotland. Documentation. Engender.

Busby, Nicole and Robison, Muriel (2018) CEDAW: How can Women’s Rights be Better Realised in Scotland? Documentation. Engender.

2017

Rose, Emily and Busby, Nicole (2017) Power relations in employment disputes. Journal of Law and Society, 44(4), pp. 674-701. (doi: 10.1111/jols.12062)

Busby, Nicole and Zahn, Rebecca (Eds.) (2017) Studying EU Law in Scotland during and after Brexit. Scottish Universities Legal Network on Europe.

Kirk, Eleanor ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6281-9850 and Busby, Nicole (2017) Led up the tribunal path? Employment disputes, legal consciousness and trust in the protection of law. Oñati Socio-Legal Series, 7(7), pp. 1397-1420.

2016

Busby, Nicole (2016) Recognition of (some) men’s parental duties under EU Law. International Labor Rights Case Law, 2(2), pp. 254-259. (doi: 10.1163/24056901-00202020)

Brodie, Douglas, Busby, Nicole and Zahn, Rebecca (Eds.) (2016) The Future Regulation of Work: New Concepts, New Paradigms. Series: Palgrave socio-legal studies. Palgrave Macmillan UK. ISBN 9781137432438

Busby, Nicole (2016) The costs of justice: barriers and challenges to accessing the employment tribunal system. In: Kirwan, Samuel (ed.) Advising in Austerity: Reflections on Challenging Times for Advice Agencies. Policy Press: Bristol, pp. 79-89. ISBN 9781447334149

Busby, Nicole (2016) The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. In: Bogg, Alan, Costello, Cathryn and Davies, Anne (eds.) Research Handbook on EU Labour Law. Series: Research handbooks in European law series. Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 150-173. ISBN 978783471126

Busby, Nicole and James, Grace (2016) Regulating work/care relationships in a time of austerity: a legal perspective. In: Lewis, Suzan, Anderson, Dierdre, Lyonette, Clare, Payne, Nicola and Wood, Stephen (eds.) Work-Life Balance in Times of Recession, Austerity and Beyond. Routledge, pp. 78-92. ISBN 9781138926448

Busby, Nicole and McDermont, Morag (2016) Access to justice in the employment tribunal : private disputes or public concerns? In: Palmer, E., Cornford, T., Marique, Y. and Guinchard, A. (eds.) Access to Justice: Beyond the Policies and Politics of Austerity. Hart Publishing, pp. 175-196. ISBN 9781849467346

Zahn, Rebecca and Busby, Nicole (2016) Collective labour rights in EU and international law : consolidation, reconciliation and beyond? In: Brodie, D., Busby, N. and Zahn, R. (eds.) The Future Regulation of Work: New Concepts, New Paradigms. Series: Palgrave socio-legal studies. Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 125-144. ISBN 9781137432445

2015

Busby, Nicole (2015) Crumbs of comfort: pregnancy and the status of 'worker' under EU law's free movement provisions. Industrial Law Journal, 44(1), pp. 134-145. (doi: 10.1093/indlaw/dwv001)

Busby, Nicole (2015) Challenging employment tribunal fees : R (Unison) v Lord Chancellor and another (No.2). Edinburgh Law Review, 19(2), pp. 254-259. (doi: 10.3366/elr.2015.0277)

Busby, Nicole and James, Grace (2015) Regulating working families in the European Union: a history of disjointed strategies. Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 37(3), pp. 295-308. (doi: 10.1080/09649069.2015.1081217)

2014

Busby, Nicole (2014) Upaid care, paid work and austerity: a research note. feminists@law, 4(1), pp. 1-12.

Busby, Nicole and Zahn, Rebecca (2014) The EU and the ECHR : collective and non-discrimination labour rights at a crossroad? International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations, 30(2), pp. 153-174.

2013

Busby, Nicole, McDermont, Morag, Rose, Emily and Sales, Adam (Eds.) (2013) Access to Justice in Employment Disputes : Surveying the Terrain. Institute of Employment Rights. ISBN 9781906703189

Busby, N. and Zahn, R. (2013) European labour law in crisis: The demise of social rights. Contemporary Issues in Law, 12(2), pp. 173-192.

Busby, Nicole (2013) Labour law, family Law and care: a plea for convergence. In: Herring, Jonathan and Wallbank, Julie (eds.) Vulnerabilities, Care and Family Law. Routledge, pp. 181-198. ISBN 9780415857505

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona (2013) Core EU legislation 2013-2014. Series: Palgrave Macmillan core statutes. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137337733

2012

Busby, Nicole and McDermont, Morag (2012) Workers, marginalised voices and the Employment Tribunal System: Some preliminary findings. Industrial Law Journal, 41(2), pp. 166-183. (doi: 10.1093/indlaw/dws010)

Busby, N. (2012) Carers and the Equality Act 2010: Protected characteristics and identity. Contemporary Issues in law, 11(2), CIL 71-91.

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona K.M. (2012) Core EU legislation 2011-2012. Series: Palgrave Macmillan core statutes. Palgrave Macmillan.

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona K.M. (2012) Core EU legislation 2012-2013. Series: Palgrave Macmillan core statutes. Palgrave Macmillan.

Canetta, Emanuela, Kaltsouni, Styliani and Busby, Nicole (2012) Enforcement of Fundamental Workers' Rights [Directorate General for Internal Policies: Employment and Social Affairs]. Documentation. European Parliament. (doi: 10.2861/1781).

2011

Busby, Nicole (2011) A Right to Care? Unpaid Care Work in European Employment Law. Series: Oxford monographs on labour law. Oxford University Press: Oxford. ISBN 9780199579020 (doi: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199579020.001.0001)

Busby, Nicole and James, Grace (Eds.) (2011) Families, Care-giving and Paid Work: Challenging Labour Law in the 21st Century. Edward Elgar Publishing. ISBN 9781849802628

Busby, Nicole (2011) Unpaid care-giving and paid work within a rights framework : towards reconciliation? In: Busby, Nicole and James, Grace (eds.) Families, Care-giving and Paid Work: Challenging Labour Law in the 21st Century. Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 189-202. ISBN 9781849802628

2010

Busby, Nicole and Macleod, Calum (2010) Rural identity in the twenty-first century: A community of crofters or crofting communities? Journal of Law and Society, 37(4), pp. 592-619. (doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6478.2010.00523.x)

Macleod, Calum and Busby, Nicole (2010) Realigning function and place in the crofting communities of the future. Scottish Affairs, 71(1), pp. 63-77. (doi: 10.3366/scot.2010.0024)

2009

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona K.M. (2009) Core EU legislation 2009-2010. Series: Palgrave Macmillan core statutes. Palgrave Macmillan.

2008

Busby, Nicole (2008) Social policy: Case 43/75 Defrenne v Société Anonyme Belge de Navigation Aérienne (SABENA). In: Smith, Rhona, Murrell, Lynne and Rook, Debbie (eds.) Conversion Course Companion for Law: Core Legal Principles and Cases for CPE/GDL. Pearson. ISBN 9781405873154

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona (2008) Core EU legislation 2008-2009. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9780230218536

2007

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona (2007) Core EU legislation 2007-2008. Series: Palgrave Macmillan core statutes. Palgrave Macmillan.

2006

Busby, Nicole (2006) Affirmative action in women's employment: Lessons from Canada. Journal of Law and Society, 33(1), pp. 42-58. (doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6478.2006.00346.x)

Clark, Bryan, Busby, Nicole, Spink, Paul and Paisley, Roderick (2006) Scots Law: A Student Guide. Tottel Publishing. ISBN 9781845921620

2005

Busby, Nicole (2005) A small step or a giant leap? Archibald v Fife Council. Edinburgh Law Review, 9(1), pp. 133-138. (doi: 10.3366/elr.2005.9.1.133)

Busby, Nicole (2005) Pulp fiction or hard fact? The development of a European Employment Policy. Journal of Contemporary European Research, 1(2), pp. 29-38.

Busby, Nicole and Christie, David (2005) The regulation of temporary agency work in the European Union. Cambrian Law Review, 36, pp. 15-28.

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona (2005) Core EU legislation 2005/2006. Series: Core statutes series. Law Matters Publishing: Exeter UK. ISBN 1846410061

2004

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona (2004) Core EU legislation 2004-2005. Series: Core statutes. Palgrave Macmillan.

2003

Busby, Nicole (2003) Equal pay and contracting out: Lawrence v Regent Office Care Ltd. Edinburgh Law Review, 7(2), pp. 233-241. (doi: 10.3366/elr.2003.7.2.233)

Busby, Nicole (2003) Sex equality in political candidature: Supply and demand factors and the role of the law. Modern Law Review, 66(2), pp. 245-260. (doi: 10.1111/1468-2230.6602004)

2002

Busby, Nicole (2002) IR35: Resolution of a taxing problem? Industrial Law Journal, 31(2), pp. 172-182. (doi: 10.1093/ilj/31.2.172)

Busby, Nicole and MacLeod, Calum (2002) Maintaining a balance: The retention of women MPs in Scotland. Parliamentary Affairs, 55(1), pp. 30-42. (doi: 10.1093/parlij/55.1.30)

Busby, Nicole (2002) Maternity rights before the European Court of Justice: Emergence of a two-track social Europe. Scottish Law and Practice Quarterly, 7(1), pp. 25-34.

2001

Busby, Nicole and Middlemiss, Sam (2001) The equality deficit: Protection against discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation in employment. Gender, Work and Organization, 8(4), pp. 387-410. (doi: 10.1111/1468-0432.00138)

Busby, Nicole (2001) The Part-Time Workers Regulations 2000: Righting a wrong or out of proportion? Journal of Business Law, July, pp. 344-356.

Busby, Nicole (2001) Only a matter of time. Modern Law Review, 64(3), pp. 489-499. (doi: 10.1111/1468-2230.00334)

2000

Busby, Nicole (2000) Divisions of labour: Maternity protection in Europe. Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 22(3), pp. 277-294. (doi: 10.1080/01418030050130185)

Davidson, Kirsteen, Smith, Rhona, Webster, Ruth and Busby, Nicole (2000) All things being equal: Affirmative action and candidate selection from a Scottish perspective. Hastings Women's Law Journal, 11(2), pp. 291-308.

1999

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona (1999) Nothing to fear? Equal representation in the Scottish Parliament and the threat of legal challenge. Mountbatten Journal of Legal Studies, 3(1), pp. 33-62.

Busby, Nicole and Middlemiss, S. (1999) Arbitration: A suitable mechanism for adjudication of unfair dismissal claims? Civil Justice Quarterly, 18, pp. 149-161.

1998

Busby, Nicole (1998) Full-time rights for part time workers. Juridical Review, 3, pp. 196-199.

1996

Busby, Nicole (1996) The unequal treatment of pregnant workers. Juridical Review, 2, pp. 156-159.

This list was generated on Mon Jun 30 21:48:40 2025 BST.
Jump to: Articles | Books | Book Sections | Edited Books | Research Reports or Papers | Conference or Workshop Item
Number of items: 86.

Articles

Busby, Nicole and Cannon, Catriona ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6813-7412 (2025) Positive equality and human rights duties in Scotland. Edinburgh Law Review, 29(2), pp. 312-323. (doi: 10.3366/elr.2025.0968)

Busby, Nicole (2024) The Worker Protection (Amendment of Equality Act) Act 2023: implications for protection against sexual harassment. Industrial Law Journal, 53(3), pp. 505-523. (doi: 10.1093/indlaw/dwae031)

Busby, Nicole and Zahn, Rebecca (2024) Less than zero? The fragmentation of worker protection in UK employment law and the promise of an alternative economy. Comparative Labor Law and Policy Journal, 44(1), pp. 1-22.

Busby, Nicole (2024) Advancing human rights law in Scotland. European Human Rights Law Review, 2024(1), pp. 69-77.

Boyle, Katie and Busby, Nicole (2023) Subnational incorporation of economic, social and cultural rights – can devolution become a vehicle for progressive human rights reform? Northern Ireland Legal Quarterly, 74(1), pp. 63-94. (doi: 10.53386/nilq.v74i1.1013)

Busby, Nicole and McDermont, Morag (2020) Fighting with the wind: claimants’ experiences and perceptions of the employment tribunal. Industrial Law Journal, 49(2), pp. 159-198. (doi: 10.1093/indlaw/dwz018)

Busby, Nicole and Weldon-Johns, Michelle (2019) Fathers as carers in UK law and policy: dominant ideologies and lived experience. Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 41(3), pp. 280-301. (doi: 10.1080/09649069.2019.1627085)

Busby, Nicole (2018) The evolution of gender equality and related employment policies. International Journal of Discrimination and the Law, 18(2-3), pp. 104-123. (doi: 10.1177/1358229118788458)

Rose, Emily and Busby, Nicole (2017) Power relations in employment disputes. Journal of Law and Society, 44(4), pp. 674-701. (doi: 10.1111/jols.12062)

Kirk, Eleanor ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6281-9850 and Busby, Nicole (2017) Led up the tribunal path? Employment disputes, legal consciousness and trust in the protection of law. Oñati Socio-Legal Series, 7(7), pp. 1397-1420.

Busby, Nicole (2016) Recognition of (some) men’s parental duties under EU Law. International Labor Rights Case Law, 2(2), pp. 254-259. (doi: 10.1163/24056901-00202020)

Busby, Nicole (2015) Crumbs of comfort: pregnancy and the status of 'worker' under EU law's free movement provisions. Industrial Law Journal, 44(1), pp. 134-145. (doi: 10.1093/indlaw/dwv001)

Busby, Nicole (2015) Challenging employment tribunal fees : R (Unison) v Lord Chancellor and another (No.2). Edinburgh Law Review, 19(2), pp. 254-259. (doi: 10.3366/elr.2015.0277)

Busby, Nicole and James, Grace (2015) Regulating working families in the European Union: a history of disjointed strategies. Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 37(3), pp. 295-308. (doi: 10.1080/09649069.2015.1081217)

Busby, Nicole (2014) Upaid care, paid work and austerity: a research note. feminists@law, 4(1), pp. 1-12.

Busby, Nicole and Zahn, Rebecca (2014) The EU and the ECHR : collective and non-discrimination labour rights at a crossroad? International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations, 30(2), pp. 153-174.

Busby, N. and Zahn, R. (2013) European labour law in crisis: The demise of social rights. Contemporary Issues in Law, 12(2), pp. 173-192.

Busby, Nicole and McDermont, Morag (2012) Workers, marginalised voices and the Employment Tribunal System: Some preliminary findings. Industrial Law Journal, 41(2), pp. 166-183. (doi: 10.1093/indlaw/dws010)

Busby, N. (2012) Carers and the Equality Act 2010: Protected characteristics and identity. Contemporary Issues in law, 11(2), CIL 71-91.

Busby, Nicole and Macleod, Calum (2010) Rural identity in the twenty-first century: A community of crofters or crofting communities? Journal of Law and Society, 37(4), pp. 592-619. (doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6478.2010.00523.x)

Macleod, Calum and Busby, Nicole (2010) Realigning function and place in the crofting communities of the future. Scottish Affairs, 71(1), pp. 63-77. (doi: 10.3366/scot.2010.0024)

Busby, Nicole (2006) Affirmative action in women's employment: Lessons from Canada. Journal of Law and Society, 33(1), pp. 42-58. (doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6478.2006.00346.x)

Busby, Nicole (2005) A small step or a giant leap? Archibald v Fife Council. Edinburgh Law Review, 9(1), pp. 133-138. (doi: 10.3366/elr.2005.9.1.133)

Busby, Nicole (2005) Pulp fiction or hard fact? The development of a European Employment Policy. Journal of Contemporary European Research, 1(2), pp. 29-38.

Busby, Nicole and Christie, David (2005) The regulation of temporary agency work in the European Union. Cambrian Law Review, 36, pp. 15-28.

Busby, Nicole (2003) Equal pay and contracting out: Lawrence v Regent Office Care Ltd. Edinburgh Law Review, 7(2), pp. 233-241. (doi: 10.3366/elr.2003.7.2.233)

Busby, Nicole (2003) Sex equality in political candidature: Supply and demand factors and the role of the law. Modern Law Review, 66(2), pp. 245-260. (doi: 10.1111/1468-2230.6602004)

Busby, Nicole (2002) IR35: Resolution of a taxing problem? Industrial Law Journal, 31(2), pp. 172-182. (doi: 10.1093/ilj/31.2.172)

Busby, Nicole and MacLeod, Calum (2002) Maintaining a balance: The retention of women MPs in Scotland. Parliamentary Affairs, 55(1), pp. 30-42. (doi: 10.1093/parlij/55.1.30)

Busby, Nicole (2002) Maternity rights before the European Court of Justice: Emergence of a two-track social Europe. Scottish Law and Practice Quarterly, 7(1), pp. 25-34.

Busby, Nicole and Middlemiss, Sam (2001) The equality deficit: Protection against discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation in employment. Gender, Work and Organization, 8(4), pp. 387-410. (doi: 10.1111/1468-0432.00138)

Busby, Nicole (2001) The Part-Time Workers Regulations 2000: Righting a wrong or out of proportion? Journal of Business Law, July, pp. 344-356.

Busby, Nicole (2001) Only a matter of time. Modern Law Review, 64(3), pp. 489-499. (doi: 10.1111/1468-2230.00334)

Busby, Nicole (2000) Divisions of labour: Maternity protection in Europe. Journal of Social Welfare and Family Law, 22(3), pp. 277-294. (doi: 10.1080/01418030050130185)

Davidson, Kirsteen, Smith, Rhona, Webster, Ruth and Busby, Nicole (2000) All things being equal: Affirmative action and candidate selection from a Scottish perspective. Hastings Women's Law Journal, 11(2), pp. 291-308.

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona (1999) Nothing to fear? Equal representation in the Scottish Parliament and the threat of legal challenge. Mountbatten Journal of Legal Studies, 3(1), pp. 33-62.

Busby, Nicole and Middlemiss, S. (1999) Arbitration: A suitable mechanism for adjudication of unfair dismissal claims? Civil Justice Quarterly, 18, pp. 149-161.

Busby, Nicole (1998) Full-time rights for part time workers. Juridical Review, 3, pp. 196-199.

Busby, Nicole (1996) The unequal treatment of pregnant workers. Juridical Review, 2, pp. 156-159.

Books

Busby, Nicole and James, Grace (2020) A History of Regulating Working Families: Strains, Stereotypes, Strategies and Solutions. Hart Publishing. ISBN 9781509904600 (doi: 10.5040/9781474203043)

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona (2013) Core EU legislation 2013-2014. Series: Palgrave Macmillan core statutes. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137337733

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona K.M. (2012) Core EU legislation 2011-2012. Series: Palgrave Macmillan core statutes. Palgrave Macmillan.

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona K.M. (2012) Core EU legislation 2012-2013. Series: Palgrave Macmillan core statutes. Palgrave Macmillan.

Busby, Nicole (2011) A Right to Care? Unpaid Care Work in European Employment Law. Series: Oxford monographs on labour law. Oxford University Press: Oxford. ISBN 9780199579020 (doi: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199579020.001.0001)

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona K.M. (2009) Core EU legislation 2009-2010. Series: Palgrave Macmillan core statutes. Palgrave Macmillan.

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona (2008) Core EU legislation 2008-2009. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9780230218536

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona (2007) Core EU legislation 2007-2008. Series: Palgrave Macmillan core statutes. Palgrave Macmillan.

Clark, Bryan, Busby, Nicole, Spink, Paul and Paisley, Roderick (2006) Scots Law: A Student Guide. Tottel Publishing. ISBN 9781845921620

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona (2005) Core EU legislation 2005/2006. Series: Core statutes series. Law Matters Publishing: Exeter UK. ISBN 1846410061

Busby, Nicole and Smith, Rhona (2004) Core EU legislation 2004-2005. Series: Core statutes. Palgrave Macmillan.

Book Sections

Busby, Nicole (2024) Gendered pay inequality: the unpaid care and paid work divide. In: Benedí Lahuerta, Sara, Miller, Katharina and Carlson, Laura (eds.) Bridging the Gender Pay Gap through Transparency. Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. (In Press)

Busby, Nicole and James, Grace (2023) COVID-19 and the legal regulation of working families. In: Stychin, Carl (ed.) Law Humanities and the Covid Crisis. Series: Reimagining Law and Justice. University of London Press: London, pp. 207-230. ISBN 9781911507390

Zahn, Rebecca and Busby, Nicole (2022) Trade unions, women's labour, and the gig economy. In: Ness, Immanuel (ed.) The Routledge Handbook of the Gig Economy. Routledge, pp. 145-157. ISBN 9781003161875 (doi: 10.4324/9781003161875-12)

Zahn, Rebecca and Busby, Nicole (2022) Women's labour and trade unionism - a dangerous combination? In: Shaw, Jo, Fletcher-Watson, Ben and Ahmadzadeh, Abrisham (eds.) Dangerous Women: Fifty Reflections on Women, Power and Identity. Unbound: London.

Busby, Nicole (2020) Response: vulnerability and labour law: on the transition from theory to practice. In: Bedford, Daniel and Herring, Jonathan (eds.) Embracing Vulnerability: The Challenges and Implications for Law. Routledge: Abingdon. ISBN 9781138476929

Busby, Nicole (2020) Reconsidering historical perspectives anew: old ideas adapted to new forms of work. In: Blackham, Alysia, Kullaman, Miriam and Zbyszewska, Ania (eds.) Theorising Labour Law in a Changing World: Towards Inclusive Labour Law. Hart Publishing, pp. 71-78. ISBN 9781509921560

Busby, Nicole (2019) Rainey v Greater Glasgow Health Board: judgment and reflexive statement. In: Cowan, Sharon, Kennedy, Chloe and Munro, Vanessa (eds.) Scottish Feminist Judgments: (Re)creating law from the Outside In. Hart Publishing, pp. 269-291. ISBN 9781509923267

Busby, Nicole and Zahn, Rebecca (2018) Implications for equality, employment and human rights in Scotland. In: Bringing Human Rights Home? What’s at Stake for Rights in the Incorporation of EU Law after Brexit. Liberty, pp. 44-46.

Busby, Nicole (2016) The costs of justice: barriers and challenges to accessing the employment tribunal system. In: Kirwan, Samuel (ed.) Advising in Austerity: Reflections on Challenging Times for Advice Agencies. Policy Press: Bristol, pp. 79-89. ISBN 9781447334149

Busby, Nicole (2016) The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. In: Bogg, Alan, Costello, Cathryn and Davies, Anne (eds.) Research Handbook on EU Labour Law. Series: Research handbooks in European law series. Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 150-173. ISBN 978783471126

Busby, Nicole and James, Grace (2016) Regulating work/care relationships in a time of austerity: a legal perspective. In: Lewis, Suzan, Anderson, Dierdre, Lyonette, Clare, Payne, Nicola and Wood, Stephen (eds.) Work-Life Balance in Times of Recession, Austerity and Beyond. Routledge, pp. 78-92. ISBN 9781138926448

Busby, Nicole and McDermont, Morag (2016) Access to justice in the employment tribunal : private disputes or public concerns? In: Palmer, E., Cornford, T., Marique, Y. and Guinchard, A. (eds.) Access to Justice: Beyond the Policies and Politics of Austerity. Hart Publishing, pp. 175-196. ISBN 9781849467346

Zahn, Rebecca and Busby, Nicole (2016) Collective labour rights in EU and international law : consolidation, reconciliation and beyond? In: Brodie, D., Busby, N. and Zahn, R. (eds.) The Future Regulation of Work: New Concepts, New Paradigms. Series: Palgrave socio-legal studies. Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 125-144. ISBN 9781137432445

Busby, Nicole (2013) Labour law, family Law and care: a plea for convergence. In: Herring, Jonathan and Wallbank, Julie (eds.) Vulnerabilities, Care and Family Law. Routledge, pp. 181-198. ISBN 9780415857505

Busby, Nicole (2011) Unpaid care-giving and paid work within a rights framework : towards reconciliation? In: Busby, Nicole and James, Grace (eds.) Families, Care-giving and Paid Work: Challenging Labour Law in the 21st Century. Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 189-202. ISBN 9781849802628

Busby, Nicole (2008) Social policy: Case 43/75 Defrenne v Société Anonyme Belge de Navigation Aérienne (SABENA). In: Smith, Rhona, Murrell, Lynne and Rook, Debbie (eds.) Conversion Course Companion for Law: Core Legal Principles and Cases for CPE/GDL. Pearson. ISBN 9781405873154

Edited Books

Busby, Nicole and Zahn, Rebecca (Eds.) (2017) Studying EU Law in Scotland during and after Brexit. Scottish Universities Legal Network on Europe.

Brodie, Douglas, Busby, Nicole and Zahn, Rebecca (Eds.) (2016) The Future Regulation of Work: New Concepts, New Paradigms. Series: Palgrave socio-legal studies. Palgrave Macmillan UK. ISBN 9781137432438

Busby, Nicole, McDermont, Morag, Rose, Emily and Sales, Adam (Eds.) (2013) Access to Justice in Employment Disputes : Surveying the Terrain. Institute of Employment Rights. ISBN 9781906703189

Busby, Nicole and James, Grace (Eds.) (2011) Families, Care-giving and Paid Work: Challenging Labour Law in the 21st Century. Edward Elgar Publishing. ISBN 9781849802628

Research Reports or Papers

Ormston, Rachel, Busby, Nicole, Mair, Jane ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0157-7034, Reid, Dot ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7306-9680, Diaz, Alice and Millar, Catriona (2023) Civil Justice System's Pandemic Response: Research Findings. Documentation. Scottish Government.

Ormston, Rachel, Busby, Nicole, Mair, Jane ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0157-7034, Reid, Dot ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7306-9680, Diaz, Alice and Millar, Cat (2023) Civil Justice System’s Pandemic Response. Documentation. Scottish Government.

Busby, Nicole (2022) Anonymous Reporting of Sexual Harassment: A Literature Review. Documentation. Engender.

Busby, Nicole (2022) MODEL Sexual Harassment Prevention and Action Policy. Documentation. Engender.

Busby, Nicole and Engender (2022) Redraft of The Equality Act 2010 (Specific Duties) (Scotland) Regulations 2022. Documentation. Engender.

Webster, Elaine, Busby, Nicole and Miller, Alan (2022) Integrated Implementation of Scotland’s Human Rights Framework. Workshop Series Findings, October 2022. Documentation. The Centre for the Study of Human Rights Law, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow.

Busby, Nicole (2020) The Essential Features of an Equality Clause and the Potential Incorporation of CEDAW. Documentation. Scottish Government.

Busby, Nicole and McCall Smith, Kasey (2020) Incorporation of the CERD and CRPD and Equivalent Rights Provision for LGBTI Communities and Older Persons. Documentation. Scottish Government.

Miller, A. et al. (2018) Recommendations for a New Human Rights Framework to Improve People’s Lives: Report to the First Minister. Documentation. First Minister’s Advisory Group on Human Rights Leadership.

Busby, Nicole (2018) The Civil Society Brexit Project: Brexit and Equality Rights. Documentation. SULNE and Human Rights Consortium Scotland.

Busby, Nicole and Fletcher, Maria ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8725-4895 (2018) The Civil Society Brexit Project: Brexit and Women's Rights. Documentation. SULNE and Human Rights Consortium Scotland.

Busby, Nicole and Zahn, Rebecca (2018) The Civil Society Brexit Project: Brexit and Employment Rights. Documentation. SULNE and Human Rights Consortium Scotland.

Busby, Nicole (2018) Scotland’s Expert Advisory Group on the UN Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women, CEDAW Committee’s Shadow Report for Scotland. Documentation. Engender.

Busby, Nicole and Robison, Muriel (2018) CEDAW: How can Women’s Rights be Better Realised in Scotland? Documentation. Engender.

Canetta, Emanuela, Kaltsouni, Styliani and Busby, Nicole (2012) Enforcement of Fundamental Workers' Rights [Directorate General for Internal Policies: Employment and Social Affairs]. Documentation. European Parliament. (doi: 10.2861/1781).

Conference or Workshop Item

Camps, Diana Maria Josephina ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5616-0482 and Busby, Nicole (2023) Competing Conceptions of Human Rights: From Rhetoric to Rights Provision. Socio-Legal Studies Association annual conference 2023, Derry-Londonderry, Northern Ireland, 4-6 April 2023.

This list was generated on Mon Jun 30 21:48:40 2025 BST.

Grants

'Empowering Scottish Civil Society Influence on Legal, Constitutional and Administrative Change' with Scottish Human Rights Consortium. Funded by the Legal Education Foundation (2022-2024).

'The Civil Justice System's Pandemic Response', Scottish Government (with Jane Mair, Dot Reid, Ipsos Scotland) (2021-2022).  

‘Capacity Building in Scotland with Civil Society Organisations: Brexit and its Implications’ (“Civil Society and Brexit Project”). A partnership project between Scottish Universities Legal Network on Europe (SULNE), Scottish Human Rights Consortium and Amnesty International. (Academic CI with Maria Fletcher, Rebecca Zahn, University of Strathclyde). Funded by the Legal Education Foundation (2017-2021)

‘Universal Credit and Equality: Workshopping a Feminist Judicial Review’ (PI) Socio-Legal Studies Association’s seminar Competition 2018. 

‘The Future Regulation of Work’ (PI) awarded the Society of Legal Scholars Annual Seminar prize, 2016. 

‘Inaccessible Justice’, Carnegie Research Grant with match funding from Citizens Advice Scotland, 2014. 

‘Work-Life Balance in the Recession and Beyond’ (C, Economic and Social Research Council, 2014. 

'New Sites of Legal Consciousness: Citizens Advice Bureau and Employment Disputes' (with Morag McDermont, PI), European Research Council, 2012-2016. 

AHRC Families and Work Net (FAWN), Arts and Humanities Research Council (With Grace James), launched in 2012. 

Enforcement of Fundamental Workers' Rights - Senior Advisor to the European Parliament (Framework Contract IP/C/LIBE/FWC/2009), December 2011-June 2012. 

‘Barriers to Justice within the Employment Tribunal System: The Applicants’ Perspective: A Pilot Study’ (with Grace James), The Society of Legal Scholars, 2007. 

‘Communitarianism and Sustainable Crofting Communities’ (PI), The Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland, 2007. 

Supervision

I am happy to supervise students in all areas of equality and human rights law and would particularly welcome proposals relating to the individual equality and employment rights framework, women’s social and economic rights, access to justice.

Research students under supervision: 

Natasha Wickramasekera 

Kim Marshall

Jiaheng Deng

 

  • Deng, Jiaheng
    Protection of the Rights of Female Migrant Domestic Workers and Child Labourers--Two Sides of the Same Coin
  • Ngonga, Alphaeus
    Climate change and Human Rights: How best can international human rights law inspire future policies for achieving climate justice in developing countries such as Malawi?

Teaching

Women, Law & Society (Level 4)

Anti-Discrimination Law in Practice (Level 3)

EU Law (Level 2)

Additional information

Nicole is the Convenor of the Board of Trustees of Close the Gap, a charity that works with policymakers, employers and employees to influence and enable action to address the causes of women’s inequality at work, and a member of the Advisory Group for ‘Making Rights Real in Scotland’, funded by the Baring Foundation, which aims to identify how best to support grassroots human rights practice and monitoring in Scotland. 

Nicole is part of the Scottish Civil Justice Hub (SCJH), a venture led by Glasgow University’s School of Law in collaboration with the Scottish Government’s Civil Law and Legal System Division. The hub is committed to investigating, monitoring and, where necessary, improving civil justice provisions, systems and processes in Scotland. Listen to Nicole talk about the work of SCJH on the University of Glasgow's Spotlight podcast.


Portrait of Nicole Busby