Dr Nazila Fough
- Senior Lecturer (Electronic & Nanoscale Engineering)
Biography
Dr. Nazila Fough is a Senior Lecturer (Associate Professor) in Electronic and Electrical Engineering at the University of Glasgow. Her research focuses on subsea communication, intelligent sensing, and real-time monitoring systems for marine and underwater environments. As Chair of the IEEE Oceanic Engineering Society (OES) and former Chair of IEEE Young Professionals UK & Ireland, she has contributed extensively to the global engineering community through leadership, conference organisation, and interdisciplinary collaboration.
Dr. Fough actively collaborates across academia and industry, integrating AI, and communication systems to address challenges in marine environments.
Research interests
- Underwater Wireless Networking
- Acoustic Communication
- Sonar
- Satellite SAR data analysis
- Under water Sensor Network (UWSN) Communication and Localization
- Subsea Sensors
- Subsea Robotic and Autonomous system
- Real-Time Interactive Video Commutation
- Network Security
- Multimedia Streaming
- Congestion Control
- QOS & QOE
- Image Processing
- Object detection and Compression
Publications
2027
Stewart, Craig, Sadeghzadeh, Bahareh, Prabhu, Radhakrishna and Fough, Nazila (2027) Hybrid and multimodal underwater communication architectures for subsea operations: a survey and design perspective. Ad Hoc Networks, 194, 104421. (doi: 10.1016/j.adhoc.2026.104421)
2026
Ologunmeta, Ayodeji, Kalibhat, Raghunandan, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar, Mohjazi, Lina 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4866-1997 and Fough, Nazila
(2026)
Domain-Aware Gate Selection for Acoustic Sensor Networks in Internet-of-Sounds Leak Monitoring.
In: IEEE International Symposium on the Internet of Sounds (IS2 2026), Cannes, France, 28-30 Oct 2026,
(Accepted for Publication)
Kalibhat, Raghunandan and Fough, Nazila (2026) Physics-Informed Neural Channel Emulation for Underwater Semantic Communications. In: IEEE 12th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT 2026), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 26 - 29 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Ologunmeta, Ayodeji, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar and Fough, Nazila (2026) Dynamic Structural-Textural Routing for Internet of Underwater Things Monitoring. In: IEEE 12th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT 2026), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 26 - 29 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Ologunmeta, Ayodeji, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar and Fough, Nazila (2026) Reliability-Controlled Selective Inference for Internet of Underwater Things Asset Monitoring. In: IEEE 12th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT 2026), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 26 - 29 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Fough, Faranak, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar, Salimi, Pedram and Fough, Nazila (2026) Automated Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comparative Framework Using Deep Learning, Image Processing, and OCR-Based Analysis. In: 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea (MetroSea), Šibenik, Croatia, 05-07 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Kalibhat, Raghunandan, Ologunmeta, Ayodeji, Heidari, Hadi ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8412-8164, Ur Rahman, Khaliq, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar and Fough, Nazila
(2026)
Evaluating MOG2 Motion Filtering for YOLO-Based Underwater Object Detection.
In: 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea (MetroSea), Šibenik, Croatia, 05-07 Oct 2026,
(Accepted for Publication)
Ologunmeta, Ayodeji, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar and Fough, N. (2026) Lightweight Detector Selection for Autonomous Subsea Monitoring Under Degraded Underwater Imaging. In: 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea (MetroSea), Šibenik, Croatia, 05-07 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Ologunmeta, Ayodeji, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar and Fough, Nazila (2026) Reliability-Aware Structural-Textural Hybrid Perception for Subsea Defect Detection. In: 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea (MetroSea), Šibenik, Croatia, 05-07 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Rahman, Khaliq Ur, Fough, Nazila and MacDermott, Christopher D. (2026) Blue-Green Adaptive Wavelength Hopping for Anti-Jamming 4-PAM Underwater Wireless Optical Communication. In: 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea (MetroSea), Šibenik, Croatia, 05-07 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Rahman, Khaliq Ur, Fough, Nazila, Sundas, Rida and MacDermott, Christopher D. (2026) Propagation-Delay-Assisted Integrity Verification Against Data Falsification Attacks in Multi-Hop Underwater Acoustic Communication Networks. In: 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea (MetroSea), Šibenik, Croatia, 05-07 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Rahman, Khaliq Ur, McDermott, Christopher D., Kalibhat, Raghunandan and Fough, Nazila (2026) Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum with 4-FSK for Reliable Underwater Acoustic Communication. In: 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea (MetroSea), Šibenik, Croatia, 05-07 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Ologunmeta, Ayodeji, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar and Fough, Nazila (2026) Confidence-Triggered Selective Refinement for Lightweight Underwater Inspection. In: 1st International Conference on Synergies in Next-Generation Cyber-Physical Systems (SNGC- 2026), Cardiff, Wales, 16-18 Sep 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Shah, Zohaib Mehmood, Shah, Faisal Mehmood and Fough, Nazila (2026) Development of a Full-Stack Web-Based GIS Framework Using FOSS4G for Raster Imagery Visualization and Spatiotemporal Analysis. In: 1st International Conference on Synergies in Next-Generation Cyber-Physical Systems (SNGC- 2026), Cardiff, Wales, 16-18 Sep 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Lawal, Sani Mohammed, Fough, Nazila, Muhammad‐Sukki, Firdaus, Kamarudin, Mohd Khairul Amri and Sellami, Nazmi (2026) Exploring low‐concentrating photovoltaic systems and solar cell solutions for Nigeria's renewable energy future. Energy Science and Engineering, 14(5), pp. 2667-2687. (doi: 10.1002/ese3.70520)
2025
Rahman, Khaliq Ur, Fough, Nazila, McDermott, Christopher D., Sundas, Rida, Stewart, Craig and Kannan, Somasundar (2025) Comparative Security Performance Analysis of DSSS and FHSS in Underwater Acoustic Channels. In: IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea 2025), Genoa, Italy, 08-10 Oct 2025, pp. 72-76. ISBN 9798331574833 (doi: 10.1109/metrosea66681.2025.11245782)
Shah, Zohaib Mehmood, Saleem, Muhammad Junaid, Shah, Faisal Mehmood, Bano, Shaher, Rashid, Muhammad and Fough, Nazila (2025) Tracking Coastal Change along Pakistan’s Shoreline Using Remote Sensing and Machine Learning. In: IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea 2025), Genoa, Italy, 08-10 Oct 2025, pp. 134-139. ISBN 9798331574833 (doi: 10.1109/metrosea66681.2025.11245787)
Shah, Zohaib Mehmood, Shah, Faisal Mehmood, Fough, Faranak, Bano, Shaher, Rashid, Muhammad and Fough, Nazila (2025) Multispectral Satellite Imaging for Detection and Quantification of Floating Coastal Macro-Litter. In: IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea 2025), Genoa, Italy, 08-10 Oct 2025, pp. 67-71. ISBN 9798331574833 (doi: 10.1109/metrosea66681.2025.11245702)
Stewart, Craig, Fough, Nazila, Rahman, Khaliq Ur and Prabhu, Radhakrishna (2025) Acoustic Propagation Studies Across Seasons for Wireless Underwater Seismological Sensor Networks in the Sea of Marmara. In: IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea 2025), Genoa, Italy, 08-10 Oct 2025, pp. 128-133. ISBN 9798331574833 (doi: 10.1109/metrosea66681.2025.11245727)
Sundas, Rida, Rohan, Ali, Njuguna, James, Rahman, Khaliq Ur, Baig, Nauman Anwar, Ahmed, Rabeel and Fough, Nazila (2025) Deep Learning-Based Direction of Arrival Estimation for Underwater Acoustic Sources Using BPSK Signals and Multiple Array Geometries. In: IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea 2025), Genoa, Italy, 08-10 Oct 2025, pp. 77-82. ISBN 9798331574833 (doi: 10.1109/MetroSea66681.2025.11245784)
Stewart, Craig, Lovie, Fraser, Fough, Nazila and Prabhu, Radhakrishna (2025) Effects of Suspended Material on the Bit Error Ratio of Underwater Wireless Optical Links. In: OCEANS 2025, Brest, France, 16 - 19 June 2025, pp. 1-7. ISBN 9798331537470 (doi: 10.1109/OCEANS58557.2025.11104320)
Valizadeh, Shima, Shokri, Aliasghar, Lawal, Sani M. and Fough, Nazila (2025) Optimizing hole transport materials and electrodes for enhanced performance in RbGeBr₃-based on perovskite solar cells utilizing fullerene as an electron transport material. Results in Physics, 73, 108280. (doi: 10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108280)
Stewart, Craig, Ayaz, Beenish, Fough, Nazila and Prabhu, Radhakrishna (2025) Towards the underwater internet of things for subsea oil and gas monitoring. Internet of Things, 30, 101510. (doi: 10.1016/j.iot.2025.101510)
2024
Valizadeh, Shima, Shokri, Aliasghar, Sabouri-Dodaran, Amirabbas, Fough, Nazila and Muhammad-Sukki, Firdaus (2024) Investigation of efficiency and temperature dependence in RbGeBr3-based perovskite solar cell structures. Results in Physics, 57, 107351. (doi: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.107351)
2023
Stewart, Craig, Fough, Nazila, Prabhu, Radhakrishna, Bouma, Henri, Stokes, Robert J., Yitzhaky, Yitzhak, Prabhu, Radhakrishna and Dijk, Judith (2023) Fuzzy Logic, Edge Enabled Underwater Video Surveillance Through Partially Wireless Optical Communication. In: SPIE Security + Defence 2023, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 04 - 05 Sep 2023, ISBN 9781510667143 (doi: 10.1117/12.2685278)
Stewart, Craig, Fough, Nazila and Prabhu, Radhakrishna (2023) Multimodal, Software Defined Networking for Subsea Sensing and Monitoring. In: OCEANS 2023, Limerick, Ireland, 05 - 08 June 2023, ISBN 9798350332261 (doi: 10.1109/OCEANSLimerick52467.2023.10244664)
Articles
Stewart, Craig, Sadeghzadeh, Bahareh, Prabhu, Radhakrishna and Fough, Nazila (2027) Hybrid and multimodal underwater communication architectures for subsea operations: a survey and design perspective. Ad Hoc Networks, 194, 104421. (doi: 10.1016/j.adhoc.2026.104421)
Lawal, Sani Mohammed, Fough, Nazila, Muhammad‐Sukki, Firdaus, Kamarudin, Mohd Khairul Amri and Sellami, Nazmi (2026) Exploring low‐concentrating photovoltaic systems and solar cell solutions for Nigeria's renewable energy future. Energy Science and Engineering, 14(5), pp. 2667-2687. (doi: 10.1002/ese3.70520)
Valizadeh, Shima, Shokri, Aliasghar, Lawal, Sani M. and Fough, Nazila (2025) Optimizing hole transport materials and electrodes for enhanced performance in RbGeBr₃-based on perovskite solar cells utilizing fullerene as an electron transport material. Results in Physics, 73, 108280. (doi: 10.1016/j.rinp.2025.108280)
Stewart, Craig, Ayaz, Beenish, Fough, Nazila and Prabhu, Radhakrishna (2025) Towards the underwater internet of things for subsea oil and gas monitoring. Internet of Things, 30, 101510. (doi: 10.1016/j.iot.2025.101510)
Valizadeh, Shima, Shokri, Aliasghar, Sabouri-Dodaran, Amirabbas, Fough, Nazila and Muhammad-Sukki, Firdaus (2024) Investigation of efficiency and temperature dependence in RbGeBr3-based perovskite solar cell structures. Results in Physics, 57, 107351. (doi: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.107351)
Conference Proceedings
Ologunmeta, Ayodeji, Kalibhat, Raghunandan, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar, Mohjazi, Lina ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4866-1997 and Fough, Nazila
(2026)
Domain-Aware Gate Selection for Acoustic Sensor Networks in Internet-of-Sounds Leak Monitoring.
In: IEEE International Symposium on the Internet of Sounds (IS2 2026), Cannes, France, 28-30 Oct 2026,
(Accepted for Publication)
Kalibhat, Raghunandan and Fough, Nazila (2026) Physics-Informed Neural Channel Emulation for Underwater Semantic Communications. In: IEEE 12th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT 2026), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 26 - 29 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Ologunmeta, Ayodeji, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar and Fough, Nazila (2026) Dynamic Structural-Textural Routing for Internet of Underwater Things Monitoring. In: IEEE 12th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT 2026), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 26 - 29 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Ologunmeta, Ayodeji, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar and Fough, Nazila (2026) Reliability-Controlled Selective Inference for Internet of Underwater Things Asset Monitoring. In: IEEE 12th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT 2026), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 26 - 29 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Fough, Faranak, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar, Salimi, Pedram and Fough, Nazila (2026) Automated Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comparative Framework Using Deep Learning, Image Processing, and OCR-Based Analysis. In: 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea (MetroSea), Šibenik, Croatia, 05-07 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Kalibhat, Raghunandan, Ologunmeta, Ayodeji, Heidari, Hadi ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8412-8164, Ur Rahman, Khaliq, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar and Fough, Nazila
(2026)
Evaluating MOG2 Motion Filtering for YOLO-Based Underwater Object Detection.
In: 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea (MetroSea), Šibenik, Croatia, 05-07 Oct 2026,
(Accepted for Publication)
Ologunmeta, Ayodeji, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar and Fough, N. (2026) Lightweight Detector Selection for Autonomous Subsea Monitoring Under Degraded Underwater Imaging. In: 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea (MetroSea), Šibenik, Croatia, 05-07 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Ologunmeta, Ayodeji, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar and Fough, Nazila (2026) Reliability-Aware Structural-Textural Hybrid Perception for Subsea Defect Detection. In: 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea (MetroSea), Šibenik, Croatia, 05-07 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Rahman, Khaliq Ur, Fough, Nazila and MacDermott, Christopher D. (2026) Blue-Green Adaptive Wavelength Hopping for Anti-Jamming 4-PAM Underwater Wireless Optical Communication. In: 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea (MetroSea), Šibenik, Croatia, 05-07 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Rahman, Khaliq Ur, Fough, Nazila, Sundas, Rida and MacDermott, Christopher D. (2026) Propagation-Delay-Assisted Integrity Verification Against Data Falsification Attacks in Multi-Hop Underwater Acoustic Communication Networks. In: 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea (MetroSea), Šibenik, Croatia, 05-07 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Rahman, Khaliq Ur, McDermott, Christopher D., Kalibhat, Raghunandan and Fough, Nazila (2026) Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum with 4-FSK for Reliable Underwater Acoustic Communication. In: 2026 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea (MetroSea), Šibenik, Croatia, 05-07 Oct 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Ologunmeta, Ayodeji, Zhao, Yafan, Kannan, Somasundar and Fough, Nazila (2026) Confidence-Triggered Selective Refinement for Lightweight Underwater Inspection. In: 1st International Conference on Synergies in Next-Generation Cyber-Physical Systems (SNGC- 2026), Cardiff, Wales, 16-18 Sep 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Shah, Zohaib Mehmood, Shah, Faisal Mehmood and Fough, Nazila (2026) Development of a Full-Stack Web-Based GIS Framework Using FOSS4G for Raster Imagery Visualization and Spatiotemporal Analysis. In: 1st International Conference on Synergies in Next-Generation Cyber-Physical Systems (SNGC- 2026), Cardiff, Wales, 16-18 Sep 2026, (Accepted for Publication)
Rahman, Khaliq Ur, Fough, Nazila, McDermott, Christopher D., Sundas, Rida, Stewart, Craig and Kannan, Somasundar (2025) Comparative Security Performance Analysis of DSSS and FHSS in Underwater Acoustic Channels. In: IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea 2025), Genoa, Italy, 08-10 Oct 2025, pp. 72-76. ISBN 9798331574833 (doi: 10.1109/metrosea66681.2025.11245782)
Shah, Zohaib Mehmood, Saleem, Muhammad Junaid, Shah, Faisal Mehmood, Bano, Shaher, Rashid, Muhammad and Fough, Nazila (2025) Tracking Coastal Change along Pakistan’s Shoreline Using Remote Sensing and Machine Learning. In: IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea 2025), Genoa, Italy, 08-10 Oct 2025, pp. 134-139. ISBN 9798331574833 (doi: 10.1109/metrosea66681.2025.11245787)
Shah, Zohaib Mehmood, Shah, Faisal Mehmood, Fough, Faranak, Bano, Shaher, Rashid, Muhammad and Fough, Nazila (2025) Multispectral Satellite Imaging for Detection and Quantification of Floating Coastal Macro-Litter. In: IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea 2025), Genoa, Italy, 08-10 Oct 2025, pp. 67-71. ISBN 9798331574833 (doi: 10.1109/metrosea66681.2025.11245702)
Stewart, Craig, Fough, Nazila, Rahman, Khaliq Ur and Prabhu, Radhakrishna (2025) Acoustic Propagation Studies Across Seasons for Wireless Underwater Seismological Sensor Networks in the Sea of Marmara. In: IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea 2025), Genoa, Italy, 08-10 Oct 2025, pp. 128-133. ISBN 9798331574833 (doi: 10.1109/metrosea66681.2025.11245727)
Sundas, Rida, Rohan, Ali, Njuguna, James, Rahman, Khaliq Ur, Baig, Nauman Anwar, Ahmed, Rabeel and Fough, Nazila (2025) Deep Learning-Based Direction of Arrival Estimation for Underwater Acoustic Sources Using BPSK Signals and Multiple Array Geometries. In: IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea; Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea 2025), Genoa, Italy, 08-10 Oct 2025, pp. 77-82. ISBN 9798331574833 (doi: 10.1109/MetroSea66681.2025.11245784)
Stewart, Craig, Lovie, Fraser, Fough, Nazila and Prabhu, Radhakrishna (2025) Effects of Suspended Material on the Bit Error Ratio of Underwater Wireless Optical Links. In: OCEANS 2025, Brest, France, 16 - 19 June 2025, pp. 1-7. ISBN 9798331537470 (doi: 10.1109/OCEANS58557.2025.11104320)
Stewart, Craig, Fough, Nazila, Prabhu, Radhakrishna, Bouma, Henri, Stokes, Robert J., Yitzhaky, Yitzhak, Prabhu, Radhakrishna and Dijk, Judith (2023) Fuzzy Logic, Edge Enabled Underwater Video Surveillance Through Partially Wireless Optical Communication. In: SPIE Security + Defence 2023, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 04 - 05 Sep 2023, ISBN 9781510667143 (doi: 10.1117/12.2685278)
Stewart, Craig, Fough, Nazila and Prabhu, Radhakrishna (2023) Multimodal, Software Defined Networking for Subsea Sensing and Monitoring. In: OCEANS 2023, Limerick, Ireland, 05 - 08 June 2023, ISBN 9798350332261 (doi: 10.1109/OCEANSLimerick52467.2023.10244664)
Professional activities & recognition
Professional & learned societies
- Chair - UK and Ireland Section, IEEE Oceanic Engineering Society
- Member, IET (The Institution of Engineering and Technology)
