Dr Merlinda Andoni

Research Associate (Autonomous Systems & Connectivity)

email: Merlinda.Andoni@glasgow.ac.uk

Biography

I am a Postdoctoral Research Associate in the Energy and Sustainability Group at the University of Glasgow. My expertise and research aims are focused on the challenges associated with how we achieve a resilient, low-carbon and sustainable energy system. My research has been supporting several research projects, including the EPSRC DecarbonISation PAThways for Cooling and Heating (DISPATCH) project, the ESPRC National Centre for Energy System Integration (CESI) and the InnovateUK ReFLEX project, one of the largest UK demonstrator projects in smart grids. I have published over 25 scientific papers, including one the most cited articles for Elsevier RSER Journal with my work influencing policy circles, including the US congressional research office.

I hold a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering (2020) from Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK in the fields of Smart Grids and Renewable Energy. During my Ph.D. studies I explored game-theoretical techniques to build models to inform investment decision-making related to the implementation of renewable generation, energy storage and network capacity projects. I also hold an M.Sc. degree from Heriot-Watt University in Renewable Energy and Distributed Generation with Distinction (2015) and an undergraduate degree (equivalent to M.Eng.) in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the National technical University of Athens, Greece, with a specialisation in Energy.

I have more than 2.5 years professional experience in the Renewable and Energy sector working as an energy consultant. Furthermore, I am an Associate Fellow of the Higher Education Academy (AFHEA) and have extensive teaching experience, such as being a course leader for energy systems and renewable generation courses. I have received several awards for my academic achievements, most notably I was the recipient of the Academic Prize for the Young Professionals Green Energy Award 2018 and I was awarded a special prize for the best student performance in all taught postgraduate degrees within the Engineering & Physical Sciences Department at Heriot-Watt University during my M.Sc. studies.

Research interests

Energy systems
Smart grids
Data and Digitalisation of Energy Networks
Smart Local Energy Systems
Local Energy Markets
Multiagent Systems
Game Theory
Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technologies

Publications

List by: Type | Date

Jump to: 2026 | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016

Number of items: 42.

2026

Pourmirza, Z. et al. (2026) Cyber-physical multi-energy systems: Towards an integrated energy system – A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 239, 117112. (doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2026.117112)

Cali, U. et al. (2026) Generative AI and LLM applications in renewable energy and smart grids: a systematic review for the sustainable energy transition. Artificial Intelligence Review, 59(7), 153. (doi: 10.1007/s10462-026-11545-2)

Massé, P.-Y. et al. (2026) Enhancing Collective Self-Consumption through Water Storage Heater Flexibility:. In: 15th International Conference on Smart Cities and Green ICT Systems, Benidorm, Spain, 18-19 May 2026, pp. 62-73. ISBN 9789897588303 (doi: 10.5220/0014970800004042)

2025

Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Couraud, Benoit, Robu, Valentin, Blanche, Jamie, Norbu, Sonam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551, Chen, Si, Kanugrahan, Satria Putra ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9279-7210 and Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2025) Comparative Techno-Economic Assessment of Wind-Powered Green Hydrogen Pathways. In: 2025 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT Europe), Valletta, Malta, 20-23 Oct 2025, ISBN 9798331525033 (doi: 10.1109/isgteurope64741.2025.11305392)

Chen, S. et al. (2025) Optimal Coordination of Local Flexibility from Electric Vehicles with Social Impact Consideration. In: 2025 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT Europe), Valletta, Malta, 20-23 Oct 2025, ISBN 9798331525033 (doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope64741.2025.11305513)

Couraud, B. et al. (2025) Fairness of Energy Distribution Mechanisms in Collective Self-Consumption Schemes. In: 2025 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT Europe), Valletta, Malta, 20-23 Oct 2025, ISBN 9798331525033 (doi: 10.1109/ISGTEurope64741.2025.11305440)

Norbu, Sonam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551, Couraud, Benoit, Robu, Valentin, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Chen, Si, Challinor, Jennifer, Gibbons, Gwilym, Poor, H. Vincent and Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2025) Fair Allocation of Energy in Peer-to-Community Local Energy Markets. In: 3rd IET International Conference on Powering Net Zero (PNZ 2025), Glasgow, UK, 25-26 Nov 2025, pp. 53-58. (doi: 10.1049/icp.2025.4875)

Octavian Pocola, Tudor, Robu, Valentin, Rietveld, Jip, Norbu, Sonam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551, Couraud, Benoit, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 and Vincent Poor, H. (2025) Optimal sizing and control of a grid-connected battery in a stacked revenue model including an energy community. Applied Energy, 397, 126122. (doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126122)

Cali, U. et al. (2025) A comprehensive academic and industrial survey of blockchain technology for the energy sector using fuzzy Einstein decision-making. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 222, 115845. (doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2025.115845)

2024

Norbu, Sonam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551, Couraud, Benoit, Challinor, Jennifer, Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618, Gibbons, Gwilym, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Robu, Valentin, Taha, Ahmad ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1246-8981 and Imran, Muhammad ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-9136 (2024) Cyber-Physical Energy Systems: Enabling Tailored Decarbonization and Net-Zero Pathways for Communities. In: IET Powering Net Zero (PNZ 2024), Birmingham, UK, 03 - 06 Dec 2024, ISBN 9781837242627 (doi: 10.1049/icp.2024.4502)

Couraud, Benoit, Norbu, Sonam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Robu, Valentin and Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2024) An AC OPF based Clearing Mechanism for Local Flexibility Markets. 2024 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT EUROPE), Dubrovnik, Croatia, 14 - 17 Oct 2024. pp. 1-5. ISBN 9798350390421 (doi: 10.1109/isgteurope62998.2024.10863672)

Andoni, M. et al. (2024) Local Energy Markets in Energy Communities and Their Impact on Energy Poverty. In: 2024 International Conference on Renewable Energies and Smart Technologies (REST), Prishtina, Kosovo, 27-28 June 2024, ISBN 9798350358902 (doi: 10.1109/rest59987.2024.10645401)

Couraud, B. et al. (2024) Enhancing Access to Affordable Energy Through Peer-to-Peer Automated Negotiations. 2024 International Conference on Renewable Energies and Smart Technologies (REST), Prishtina, Kosovo, 27 - 28 Jun 2024. pp. 1-5. ISBN 9798350358902 (doi: 10.1109/rest59987.2024.10645368)

Zhang, Ying, Robu, Valentin, Cremers, Sho, Norbu, Sonam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551, Couraud, Benoit, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 and Poor, H. Vincent (2024) Modelling the formation of peer-to-peer trading coalitions and prosumer participation incentives in transactive energy communities. Applied Energy, 355, 122173. (doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.122173)

Couraud, Benoit, Barre, Pierre-Jean, Pennucci, Roberta, Rozier, Yann, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Norbu, Sonam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551, Franquet, Erwin and Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2024) Collecting French Smart Meter Data for Residential Flexibility. In: IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT Europe 2023), Grenoble, France, 23-26 October 2023, ISBN 9798350396782 (doi: 10.1109/ISGTEUROPE56780.2023.10408704)

Cherubini, P. et al. (2024) The challenge of ending fuel poverty: a transition engineering research sprint. In: Cooper, Adam, Trigos, Federico, Stjepandić, Josip, Curran, Richard and Lazar, Irina (eds.) Engineering For Social Change. Series: Advances in transdisciplinary engineering, 60. IOS Press, pp. 1008-1017. ISBN 9781643685502 (doi: 10.3233/ATDE240957)

2023

Couraud, Benoit, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Robu, Valentin, Norbu, Sonam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551, Chen, Si and Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2023) Responsive FLEXibility: a smart local energy system. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 182, 113343. (doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2023.113343)

Schwidtal, J.M. et al. (2023) Emerging business models in local energy markets: a systematic review of peer-to-peer, community self-consumption, and transactive energy models. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 179, 113273. (doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2023.113273)

Cremers, Sho, Robu, Valentin, Zhang, Peter, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Norbu, Sonam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551 and Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2023) Efficient methods for approximating the Shapley value for asset sharing in energy communities. Applied Energy, 331, 120328. (doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120328)

2022

Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Norbu, Sonam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551, Couraud, Benoit, Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618, Chen, Si and Robu, Valentin (2022) Decentralized Energy White Paper: Adaptive Local Energy Communities. Project Report. University of Glasgow. (doi: 10.36399/gla.pubs.278207).

Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Norbu, Sonam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551, Couraud, Benoit, Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618, Chen, Si and Robu, Valentin (2022) Democratising Energy: Placing citizens and communities at the heart of the energy revolution. Project Report. University of Glasgow. (doi: 10.36399/gla.pubs.278206).

Capper, T. et al. (2022) Peer-to-peer, community self-consumption, and transactive energy: A systematic literature review of local energy market models. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 162, 112403. (doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2022.112403)

Kirli, Desen, Couraud, Benoit, Robu, Valentin, Salgado-Bravo, Marcelo, Norbu, Sonam, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Antonopoulos, Ioannis, Negrete-Pincetic, Matias, Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 and Kiprakis, Aristides (2022) Smart contracts in energy systems: A systematic review of fundamental approaches and implementations. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 158, 112013. (doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.112013)

Couraud, Benoit, Robu, Valentin, Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Norbu, Sonam and Quinard, Honorat (2022) Real-time control of distributed batteries with blockchain-enabled market export commitments. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 13(1), pp. 579-591. (doi: 10.1109/TSTE.2021.3121444)

2021

Norbu, Sonam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551, Couraud, Benoit, Robu, Valentin, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179 and Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2021) Modeling economic sharing of joint assets in community energy projects under LV network constraints. IEEE Access, 9, pp. 112019-112042. (doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3103480)

Norbu, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551, Couraud, B., Robu, V., Andoni, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179 and Flynn, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2021) Modelling the redistribution of benefits from joint investments in community energy projects. Applied Energy, 287, 116575. (doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116575)

Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Robu, Valentin, Couraud, Benoit, Fruh, Wolf-Gerrit, Norbu, Sonam and Flynn, David (2021) Analysis of strategic renewable energy, grid and storage capacity investments via Stackelberg-Cournot modelling. IEEE Access, 9, pp. 37752-37771. (doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3062981)

2020

Couraud, Benoit, Norbu, Sonam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Robu, Valentin, Gharavi, Hani and Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2020) Optimal Residential Battery Scheduling with Asset Lifespan Consideration. In: 2020 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT-Europe), The Hague, Netherlands, 26-28 October 2020, pp. 630-634. ISBN 9781728171005 (doi: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe47291.2020.9248889)

Pumphrey, Kate, Walker, Sara Louise, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179 and Robu, Valentin (2020) Green hope or red herring? Examining consumer perceptions of peer-to-peer energy trading in the United Kingdom. Energy Research and Social Science, 68, 101603. (doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2020.101603)

Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Robu, Valentin, Früh, Wolf-Gerrit and Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2020) Strategic Decision-making for Power Network Investments with Distributed Renewable Generation. In: 19th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 2020), Auckland, New Zealand, 9-13 May 2020, pp. 52-60. ISBN 9781450375184

2019

Hany Elgamal, Ahmed, Kocher-Oberlehner, Gudrun, Robu, Valetin and Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179 (2019) Optimization of a multiple-scale renewable energy-based virtual power plant in the UK. Applied Energy, 256, 113973. (doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113973)

McCallum, Peter, Jenkins, David P., Peacock, Andrew D., Patidar, Sandhya, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 and Robu, Valentin (2019) A multi-sectoral approach to modelling community energy demand of the built environment. Energy Policy, 132, pp. 865-875. (doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2019.06.041)

Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Robu, Valetin, Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618, Abram, Simone, Geach, Dale, Jenkins, David, McCallum, Peter and Peacock, Andrew (2019) Blockchain technology in the energy sector: a systematic review of challenges and opportunities. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 100, pp. 143-174. (doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.10.014)

2018

Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Robu, Valentin, Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 and Friüh, Wolf-Gerrit (2018) Gibbs Sampling for Game-Theoretic Modeling of Private Network Upgrades with Distributed Generation. In: 2018 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 21-25 Oct 2018, ISBN 9781538645055 (doi: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2018.8571545)

McCallum, Peter, Patidar, Sandhya, Jenkins, David, Peacock, Andrew, Robu, Valentin, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179 and Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2018) The Use of Demand Modelling for Community Energy Analysis. In: 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), Florence, Italy, 27-30 May 2018, ISBN 9781538648810 (doi: 10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351797)

Tang, Wenshuo, Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Robu, Valentin and Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2018) Accurately Forecasting the Health of Energy System Assets. In: 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), Florence, Italy, 27-30 May 2018, ISBN 9781538648810 (doi: 10.1109/ISCAS.2018.8351842)

2017

Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Tang, Wenshuo, Robu, Valentin and Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2017) Data Analysis of Battery Storage Systems. In: 24th International Conference & Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED), Glasgow, UK, 12-15 Jun 2017, pp. 96-99. (doi: 10.1049/oap-cired.2017.0657)

Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Robu, Valentin, Früh, Wolf-Gerrit and Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2017) Game-theoretic modeling of curtailment rules and network investments with distributed generation. Applied Energy, 201, pp. 174-187. (doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.035)

Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Robu, Valentin and Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618 (2017) Blockchains: Crypto-control your own energy supply. Nature, 548(7666), p. 158. (doi: 10.1038/548158b)

2016

Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179 and Robu, Valentin (2016) Using Stackelberg Games to Model Electric Power Grid Investments in Renewable Energy Settings. In: Osman, Nardine and Sierra, Carles (eds.) Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems: AAMAS 2016 Workshops, Best Papers, Singapore, Singapore, May 9-10, 2016, Revised Selected Papers. Series: Lecture notes in Computer Science, 10002. Springer: Cham, pp. 127-146. ISBN 9783319468822 (doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-46882-2_8)

Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179 and Robu, Valentin (2016) Game-Theoretic Modeling of Transmission Line Reinforcements with Distributed Generation. In: 2016 International Conference on Autonomous Agents & Multiagent Systems (AAMAS '16), Singapore, 09-13 May 2016, pp. 1291-1292. ISBN 9781450342391

Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Robu, Valentin and Fruh, Wolf-Gerrit (2016) Game-Theoretic Modeling of Curtailment Rules and Their Effect on Transmission Line Investments. In: 2016 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe), Ljubljana, Slovenia, 09-12 Oct 2016, ISBN 9781509033584 (doi: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2016.7856339)

This list was generated on Wed Sep 16 23:22:08 2026 BST.

Jump to: Articles | Book Sections | Research Reports or Papers | Conference or Workshop Item | Conference Proceedings

Number of items: 42.

Articles

Book Sections

Research Reports or Papers

Andoni, Merlinda ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-8179, Norbu, Sonam ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2030-1551, Couraud, Benoit, Flynn, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-3618, Chen, Si and Robu, Valentin (2022) Democratising Energy: Placing citizens and communities at the heart of the energy revolution. Project Report. University of Glasgow. (doi: 10.36399/gla.pubs.278206).

Conference or Workshop Item

Conference Proceedings

This list was generated on Wed Sep 16 23:22:08 2026 BST.

Grants

2021: Researcher Co-investigator of the EPSRC DecarbonISation PAThways for Cooling and Heating (DISPATCH) (£1,149,757)
2019: Researcher Co-investigator of the EPSRC CESI Flex Fund Project: “Multi-Agent Systems modelling trials” (£38,407)
2019: Researcher Co-investigator of the EPSRC CESI Flex Fund Project: “Peer to Peer trading in the real world and exploring the potential of blockchain technologies in integrated energy systems” (£37,320)

Additional information

Awards, Prizes & Honours

2022: Awarded “Best poster prize” at the CESI Research Showcase Week
2018: Awarded the Academic Young Professionals Green Energy Award 2018 at annual event sponsored by Scottish Renewables.
2018: Awarded the EPS Postgraduate Research 2nd Year Prize for academic performance during PhD studies.
2017: Finalist the Academic Young Professionals Green Energy Award 2017 at annual event sponsored by Scottish Renewables.
Awarded “Best student paper” in ACAN 2016, the International Workshop on Automated Negotiation, hosted by AAMAS 2016, Singapore.
EPS Prize for Best Postgraduate Taught Performance - Awarded to the student with the best overall mark on a Master of Science programme of the School of Engineering and Physical Sciences (EPS), Heriot-Watt University

Professional Membeships

Member of IEEE Working Groups on Big Data Analytics; Energy Storage; Electric Mobility; Blockchain & Transactive Energy; Member of the Global Observatory on Peer-to-Peer, Community Self-Consumption and Transactive Energy Models
Member of IEEE, IEEE Power and Energy Society, IEEE Smart Grid Community,IEEE Blockchain Community & IEEE Women in Engineering. Member of the Technical Chamber of Greece.

Merlinda Andoni

We use cookies

Necessary cookies

Analytics cookies

Clarity

James Watt School of Engineering