Professor Brian Willett

  • Professor of Viral Immunology (Virology)

telephone: 01413303274
email: Brian.Willett@glasgow.ac.uk

R432 Level 4, Henry Wellcome Building, Garscube, Glasgow G61 1QH

Import to contacts

ORCID iDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8912-3266

Research interests

Immunity to SARS-CoV-2

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in NHS GGCIn early 2020, we initiated a program of research aimed at investigating the antibody response to infection with SARS-CoV-2, with a view to tracking the spread of the virus throughout the community and assessing the level of immunity elicited by infection. By combining in-house ELISA assays with pseudotype-based neutralisation assays, we were able to track the spread of SARS-CoV-2 across NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, the largest health board in Scotland (Hughes et al. 2021). We showed that males, 45-64-years olds, and patients in secondary care were most likely to be seropositive. Further, we established that approximately half of seropositive individuals (assessed by ELISA) developed neutralising antibodies (Hughes et al. 2021).

 

Lineage-specific neutralisation of SARS-CoV-2 by vaccine seraBuilding on these studies, we examined evasion of the neutralising response by the Beta and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 (Davies et al. 2021), and the effect of antigenic variation on evasion of the immune response elicited by vaccination with either ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca) or BNT162b2 (Pfizer) vaccines. The emergence of the Omicron lineage of viruses at the end of 2021 signalled a new phase in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2.

Working closely with colleagues across the University of Glasgow and the wider UK academic and healthcare communities, we established that the Omicron variant had a phenotype that had changed fundamentally compared with all prior variants (Research briefing). The Omicron variants displayed reduced neutralisation by antibodies elicited by vaccination, while T cell responses were relatively preserved (Willett et al. 2022). Further, real-world vaccine effectiveness was partially restored by booster vaccination. Our study revealed that Omicron displayed distinct entry and fusion properties to preceding variants, entering cells via a TMPRSS2-independent, endosomal entry pathway (Willett et al. 2022). This fundamental change in the viral entry mechanism was not predicted by sequencing data; rather it was revealed by observations in cell culture experiments from several laboratories, including those at the CVR. This project was supported in part by HDR-UK, further details are available here.

One of our primary SARS-CoV-2 research objectives is to elucidate the nature of the virus-host interaction;  investigating the strength, specificity and duration of humoral immunity. Working closely with colleagues at the University of Birmingham, we are currently investigating vaccine effectiveness in at-risk populations; including children (Dowell et al, 2022a & Dowell et al., 2022b), the elderly and patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (Parry et al, 2022a & Parry et al, 2022b). These studies will inform future vaccine strategies for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of COVID-19.

Cross-species transmission of morbilliviruses

This image was originally posted to Flickr by TREEAID at https://www.flickr.com/photos/53871588@N05/5113272665. It was reviewed on 24 March 2011 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. In May 2011, the General Session of the Office International des Epizooties declared the world to be free from rinderpest virus, the causative agent of “cattle plague”. Rinderpest virus (RPV) is a morbillivirus, a close relative of measles virus (MeV). Like rinderpest virus, measles virus is now being considered for global eradication by vaccination. However, there is increasing concern that if such a vaccination programme was to be successful, the requirement for vaccination would cease. As a result, humans would no longer have cross-protection against zoonotic infections with closely-related animal morbilliviruses. Significant concerns have now been raised about the threat from the carnivore morbillivirus, canine distemper virus (CDV), a virus capable of infecting diverse species including dogs, ferrets, martens, lions, hyenas and seals. This ability to cross species renders CDV a significant threat to many endangered species of wildlife. Moreover, pathogenic CDV infections have been described in primates, raising the possibility of zoonotic transmissions to humans. There is now intense interest in the viral reservoirs of CDV and the degree of cross-protection conferred by MV vaccination as a means of guarding against cross-species transmission.

Neutralisation of morbilliviruses by antibodies is currently measured using a restricted subset of live viruses that grow readily in culture. Thus it is not possible to compare antibody responses to vaccine viruses with those against primary field strains of virus, making predictions of vaccine efficacy and likelihood of zoonotic transmission challenging. We have developed novel viral pseudotype-based assay systems with which serological responses to diverse animal morbilliviruses can be measured rapidly, with high sensitivity and specificity. Using this simple methodology, we are measuring neutralizing antibody responses against primary field strains of virus, novel emerging morbilliviruses, and unique biotypes and serotypes of virus for which assays are currently unavailable. We have developed parallel systems for diverse morbilliviruses; viral pseudotypes based on peste des petits ruminants (PPRV), CDV, RPV, MeV and phocine distemper virus (PDV), and target cell lines expressing the cognate receptors for each virus.

Our studies bring a comprehensive understanding of the spread of morbilliviruses between livestock and wildlife species. They address whether morbilliviruses are being maintained in atypical host species and whether these species are a source of infection for susceptible hosts. They provide epidemiological and biological data to inform future strategies for virus eradication by vaccination, illuminating the extent of virus spread and the likely species that will require to be vaccinated. The high-throughput assay techniques we employ build capacity in the UK for "rapid response" to emerging viral diseases.

Prof. Willett discusses morbillivirus research at the CVR here: CVR Podcast

Publications

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Number of items: 121.

2023

Willett, B. J. et al. (2023) Omicron BA.2.86 cross-neutralising activity in community sera from the UK. Lancet, 402(10417), pp. 2075-2076. (doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02397-8) (PMID:37952549)

Banda, L. et al. (2023) Characterising the evolving SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in urban and rural Malawi between February 2021 and April 2022: A population-based cohort study. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 137, pp. 118-125. (doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.10.020) (PMCID:PMC10695832)

Tyson, G. B. et al. (2023) Increase in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in UK domestic felids despite weak immunogenicity of post-Omicron variants. Viruses, 15(8), 1661. (doi: 10.3390/v15081661) (PMID:37632004) (PMCID:PMC10458763)

Dowell, A. C. et al. (2023) Immunological imprinting of humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in children. Nature Communications, 14, 3845. (doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-39575-2) (PMID:37386081) (PMCID:PMC10310754)

Tyson, G. B., Jones, S., Logan, N., McDonald, M., Marshall, L., Murcia, P. R. , Willett, B. J. , Weir, W. and Hosie, M. J. (2023) SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and cross-variant antibody neutralization in cats, United Kingdom. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 29(6), pp. 1223-1227. (doi: 10.3201/eid2906.221755) (PMID:37141617) (PMCID:PMC10202862)

Ho, A. et al. (2023) Adeno-associated virus 2 infection in children with non-A-E hepatitis. Nature, 617(7961), pp. 555-563. (doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-05948-2) (PMID:36996873)

Martin, C. A. et al. (2023) Ethnic differences in cellular and humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in UK healthcare workers: a cross-sectional analysis. EClinicalMedicine, 58, 101926. (doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101926) (PMID:37034357) (PMCID:PMC10071048)

Cox, M. et al. (2023) SARS-CoV-2 variant evasion of monoclonal antibodies based on in vitro studies. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 21(2), pp. 112-124. (doi: 10.1038/s41579-022-00809-7) (PMID:36307535) (PMCID:PMC9616429)

Manali, M. et al. (2023) SARS-CoV-2 evolution and patient immunological history shape the breadth and potency of antibody-mediated immunity. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 227(1), pp. 40-49. (doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac332) (PMID:35920058) (PMCID:PMC9384671)

Liew, F. et al. (2023) SARS-CoV-2-specific nasal IgA wanes 9 months after hospitalisation with COVID-19 and is not induced by subsequent vaccination. EBioMedicine, 87, 104402. (doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104402) (PMID:36543718) (PMCID:PMC9762734)

2022

De Glanville, W. A. et al. (2022) An outbreak of Rift Valley fever among peri-urban dairy cattle in northern Tanzania. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 116(11), pp. 1082-1090. (doi: 10.1093/trstmh/trac076) (PMID:36040309) (PMCID:PMC9623736)

Cantoni, D. et al. (2022) Evolutionary remodelling of N-terminal domain loops fine-tunes SARS-CoV-2 spike. EMBO Reports, 23(10), e54322. (doi: 10.15252/embr.202154322) (PMID:35999696) (PMCID:PMC9535765)

de Glanville, W. A. et al. (2022) Inter-epidemic Rift Valley fever virus infection incidence and risks for zoonotic spillover in northern Tanzania. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 16(10), e0010871. (doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010871) (PMID:36306281) (PMCID:PMC9665400)

Hu, S., Logan, N., Coleman, S., Evans, C., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2022) Correlating IgG levels with neutralising antibody levels to indicate clinical protection in healthcare workers at risk during a measles outbreak. Viruses, 14(8), 1716. (doi: 10.3390/v14081716) (PMID:36016338) (PMCID:PMC9415042)

Willett, B. J. et al. (2022) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is an immune escape variant with an altered cell entry pathway. Nature Microbiology, 7(8), pp. 1161-1179. (doi: 10.1038/s41564-022-01143-7) (PMID:35798890) (PMCID:PMC9352574)

Thomas, K. M. et al. (2022) Prospective cohort study reveals unexpected aetiologies of livestock abortion in Northern Tanzania. Scientific Reports, 12, 11669. (doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-15517-8) (PMID:35803982) (PMCID:PMC9270399)

Parry, H. et al. (2022) COVID-19 vaccines elicit robust cellular immunity and clinical protection in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer Cell, 40(6), pp. 584-586. (doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.05.001) (PMID:35588735) (PMCID:PMC9072807)

Dowell, A. C. et al. (2022) mRNA or ChAd0x1 COVID-19 vaccination of adolescents induces robust antibody and cellular responses with continued recognition of omicron following mRNA-1273. Frontiers in Immunology, 13, 882515. (doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.882515) (PMID:35720281) (PMCID:PMC9201026)

Hu, S., Logan, N., Puenpa, J., Wanlapakorn, N., Vongpunsawad, S., Poovorawan, Y., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2022) Evaluation of the effect of maternally derived antibody on response to MMR vaccine in Thai infants. Vaccine, 40(10), pp. 1439-1447. (doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.01.049) (PMID:35135700) (PMCID:PMC8884255)

Bryden, S. R. et al. (2022) Exploration of immunological responses underpinning severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection reveals IL-6 as a therapeutic target in an immunocompromised mouse model. PNAS Nexus, 1(1), pgac024. (doi: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac024) (PMID:35529317) (PMCID:PMC9071185)

Parry, H. et al. (2022) Impaired neutralisation of SARS-CoV-2 delta variant in vaccinated patients with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Journal of Hematology and Oncology, 15(1), 3. (doi: 10.1186/s13045-021-01219-7) (PMID:35000597) (PMCID:PMC8743056)

Dowell, A. C. et al. (2022) Children develop robust and sustained cross-reactive spike-specific immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nature Immunology, 23(1), pp. 40-49. (doi: 10.1038/s41590-021-01089-8) (PMID:34937928) (PMCID:PMC8709786)

2021

Davis, C. et al. (2021) Reduced neutralisation of the Delta (B.1.617.2) SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern following vaccination. PLoS Pathogens, 17(12), e1010022. (doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010022) (PMID:34855916) (PMCID:PMC8639073)

Szemiel, A. M. et al. (2021) In vitro selection of Remdesivir resistance suggests evolutionary predictability of SARS-CoV-2. PLoS Pathogens, 17(9), e1009929. (doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009929) (PMID:34534263) (PMCID:PMC8496873)

Morgan, D. C. et al. (2021) Stapled ACE2 peptidomimetics designed to target the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein do not prevent virus internalisation. Peptide Science, 113(4), e24217. (doi: 10.1002/pep2.24217) (PMID:33615115) (PMCID:PMC7883042)

Meza, D. K. , Broos, A. , Becker, D. J., Behdenna, A., Willett, B. J. , Viana, M. and Streicker, D. G. (2021) Predicting the presence and titre of rabies virus‐neutralizing antibodies from low‐volume serum samples in low‐containment facilities. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 68(3), pp. 1564-1576. (doi: 10.1111/tbed.13826) (PMID:32931658)

Hosie, M. J. et al. (2021) Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples from cats in the UK associated with human-to-cat transmission. Veterinary Record, 188(8), e247. (doi: 10.1002/vetr.247) (PMID:33890314) (PMCID:PMC8251078)

Gallo, G., Conceicao, C., Tsirigoti, C., Willett, B. , Graham, S. C. and Bailey, D. (2021) Application of error-prone PCR to functionally probe the morbillivirus Haemagglutinin protein. Journal of General Virology, 102(4), 001580. (doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001580) (PMID:33739251) (PMCID:PMC8290269)

Hughes, E. C. et al. (2021) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 serosurveillance in a patient population reveals differences in virus exposure and antibody-mediated immunity according to host demography and healthcare setting. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 223(6), pp. 971-980. (doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa788) (PMID:33367847) (PMCID:PMC7798933)

Parr, Y. A., Beall, M. J., Levy, J. K., McDonald, M. , Hamman, N. T., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2021) Measuring the humoral immune response in cats exposed to feline leukaemia virus. Viruses, 13(3), 428. (doi: 10.3390/v13030428) (PMID:33800090) (PMCID:PMC7998633)

2020

Gilbert, M. et al. (2020) Distemper, extinction and vaccination of the Amur tiger. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(50), pp. 31954-31962. (doi: 10.1073/pnas.2000153117) (PMID:33229566) (PMCID:PMC7749280)

Herzog, C. M., de Glanville, W. A., Willett, B. J. , Cattadori, I. M., Kapur, V., Hudson, P. J., Buza, J., Swai, E. S., Cleaveland, S. and Bjørnstad, O. N. (2020) Peste des petits ruminants virus transmission scaling and husbandry practices that contribute to increased transmission risk: an investigation among sheep, goats, and cattle in Northern Tanzania. Viruses, 12(9), 930. (doi: 10.3390/v12090930) (PMID:32847058) (PMCID:PMC7552010)

Murcia, P. , Streiker, D. , Da Silva Filipe, A. , Robertson, D. , Jarrett, R. , Willett, B. , Hosie, M. , Biek, R. , Allan, K. and Weir, W. (2020) Send cat and dog samples to test for SARS-CoV-2. Veterinary Record, 186(17), p. 571. (doi: 10.1136/vr.m2019) (PMID:32451348)

Herzog, C.M., De Glanville, W.A., Willett, B.J. , Cattadori, I.M., Kapur, V., Hudson, P.J., Buza, J., Swai, E.S., Cleaveland, S. and Bjørnstad, O.N. (2020) Identifying age cohorts responsible for Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus transmission among sheep, goats, and cattle in Northern Tanzania. Viruses, 12(2), e186. (doi: 10.3390/v12020186) (PMID:32046120) (PMCID:PMC7077219)

2019

Herzog, C.M., de Glanville, W.A., Willett, B.J. , Kibona, T.J., Cattadori, I.M., Kapur, V., Hudson, P.J., Buza, J., Cleaveland, S. and Bjørnstad, O.N. (2019) Pastoral production is associated with increased peste des petits ruminants seroprevalence in northern Tanzania across sheep, goats and cattle. Epidemiology and Infection, 147, e242. (doi: 10.1017/S0950268819001262) (PMID:31364555)

Behdenna, A. et al. (2019) Transmission ecology of canine parvovirus in a multi-host, multi-pathogen system. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences, 286, 20182772. (doi: 10.1098/rspb.2018.2772) (PMID:30914008) (PMCID:PMC6452066)

2018

Abdullah, N. et al. (2018) Structure-guided identification of a non-human morbillivirus with zoonotic potential. Journal of Virology, 92(23), e01248-18. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.01248-18) (PMID:30232185) (PMCID:PMC6232486)

2017

Baron, M. D., Diop, B., Njeumi, F., Willett, B. J. and Bailey, D. (2017) Future research to underpin successful peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) eradication. Journal of General Virology, 98(11), pp. 2635-2644. (doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000944) (PMID:29022862) (PMCID:PMC5845661)

Hosie, M. J. , Techakriengkrai, N., Beczkowski, P. M., Harris, M., Logan, N. and Willett, B. (2017) The comparative value of feline virology research: can findings from the feline lentiviral vaccine be translated to humans? Veterinary Sciences, 4(1), 7. (doi: 10.3390/vetsci4010007)

2016

Logan, N., Dundon, W. G., Diallo, A., Baron, M. D., Nyarobi, M. J., Cleaveland, S. , Keyyu, J., Fyumagwa, R., Hosie, M. J. and Willett, B. J. (2016) Enhanced immunosurveillance for animal morbilliviruses using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotypes. Vaccine, 34(47), pp. 5736-5743. (doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.10.010) (PMID:27742221) (PMCID:PMC5084683)

Holzer, B., Hodgson, S., Logan, N., Willett, B. and Baron, M. D. (2016) Protection of cattle against rinderpest by vaccination with wild-type but not attenuated strains of peste des petits ruminants virus. Journal of Virology, 90(10), pp. 5152-5162. (doi: 10.1128/jvi.00040-16) (PMID:26984722) (PMCID:PMC4859729)

Logan, N. et al. (2016) Efficient generation of vesicular stomatitis 1 virus (VSV)-pseudotypes bearing morbilliviral glycoproteins and their use in quantifying virus neutralising antibodies. Vaccine, 34(6), pp. 814-822. (doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.12.006) (PMID:6706278)

2015

Brennan, B. et al. (2015) In memoriam – Richard M. Elliott (1954–2015). Journal of General Virology, 96(8), pp. 1975-1978. (doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000241) (PMID:26315040)

Hofmann-Lehmann, R., Levy, L. S. and Willett, B. J. (2015) Comparing the efficacy of FeLV vaccines: Comment on: Stuke, K. et al. Efficacy of an inactivated FeLV vaccine compared to a recombinant FeLV vaccine in minimum age cats following virulent FeLV challenge. Vaccine 2014;32(22):2599-603. Vaccine, 33(24), pp. 2737-2738. (doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.10.038) (PMID:25444783)

Beczkowski, P. M., Hughes, J. , Biek, R. , Litster, A., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2015) Rapid evolution of the env gene leader sequence in cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Journal of General Virology, 96(4), pp. 893-903. (doi: 10.1099/vir.0.000035) (PMID:25535323) (PMCID:PMC4361796)

Beczkowski, P., Logan, N., McMonagle, E., Litster, A., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2015) An investigation of the breadth of neutralising antibody response in cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. Journal of General Virology, 96(3), pp. 671-680. (doi: 10.1099/vir.0.071522-0) (PMID:25395594) (PMCID:PMC4336861)

Bęczkowski, P. M., Litster, A., Lin, T. L., Mellor, D. J. , Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2015) Contrasting clinical outcomes in two cohorts of cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Veterinary Microbiology, 176(1-2), pp. 50-60. (doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.12.023) (PMID:25595267) (PMCID:PMC4332694)

Beczkowski, P. M., Harris, M., Techakriengkrai, N., Beatty, J. A., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2015) Neutralising antibody response in domestic cats immunised with a commercial feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) vaccine. Vaccine, 33(8), pp. 977-984. (doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.01.028) (PMID:25613718) (PMCID:PMC4327927)

Viana, M. et al. (2015) Dynamics of a morbillivirus at the domestic-wildlife interface: Canine distemper virus in domestic dogs and lions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(5), pp. 1464-1469. (doi: 10.1073/pnas.1411623112) (PMID:25605919) (PMCID:PMC4321234)

2014

Beczkowski, P. M., Techakriengkrai, N., Logan, N., McMonagle, E., Litster, A., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2014) Emergence of CD134 cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2)-independent strains of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is associated with disease progression in naturally infected cats. Retrovirology, 11, p. 95. (doi: 10.1186/s12977-014-0095-7) (PMID:25430586) (PMCID:PMC4275942)

Bęczkowski, P. M., Hughes, J. , Biek, R. , Litster, A., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2014) Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) env recombinants are common in natural infections. Retrovirology, 11(80), (doi: 10.1186/s12977-014-0080-1) (PMID:25699660) (PMCID:PMC4180853)

Busnadiego, I. et al. (2014) Host and viral determinants of Mx2 antiretroviral activity. Journal of Virology, 88(14), pp. 7738-7752. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.00214-14) (PMID:24760893) (PMCID:PMC4097781)

2013

Willett, B.J. and Hosie, M.J. (2013) The virus–receptor interaction in the replication of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Current Opinion in Virology, 3(6), pp. 670-675. (doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2013.08.003)

Chan, C.N., Dietrich, I., Hosie, M.J. and Willett, B.J. (2013) Recent developments in human immunodeficiency virus-1 latency research. Journal of General Virology, 94(5), pp. 917-932. (doi: 10.1099/vir.0.049296-0)

Chan, C.N., McMonagle, E.L., Hosie, M.J. and Willett, B.J. (2013) Prostratin exhibits both replication enhancing and inhibiting effects on FIV infection of feline CD4+ T-cells. Virus Research, 171(1), pp. 121-128. (doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2012.11.004)

Stewart, H., Jarrett, O., Hosie, M.J. and Willett, B.J. (2013) Complete genome sequences of two feline Leukemia virus subgroup B isolates with novel recombination sites. Genome Announcements, 1(1), e00036-12. (doi: 10.1128/genomeA.00036-12)

Varela, M. et al. (2013) Genetic imprint of vaccination on simian/human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmitted viral genomes in Rhesus Macaques. PLoS ONE, 8(8), e70814. (doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070814) (PMID:23967111) (PMCID:PMC3743870)

Willett, B.J. and Hosie, M.J. (2013) Feline leukaemia virus: half a century since its discovery. Veterinary Journal, 195(1), pp. 16-23. (doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.07.004)

Willett, B.J. , Kraase, M., Logan, N., McMonagle, E., Varela, M. and Hosie, M.J. (2013) Selective expansion of viral variants following experimental transmission of a reconstituted feline immunodeficiency virus quasispecies. PLoS ONE, 8(1), e54871. (doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054871) (PMID:23372784) (PMCID:PMC3553009)

2012

Caines, M.E.C., Bichel, K., Price, A.J., McEwan, W.A., Towers, G.J., Willett, B.J. , Freund, S.M.V. and James, L.C. (2012) Diverse HIV viruses are targeted by a conformationally dynamic antiviral. Nature Structural and Molecular Biology, 19(4), pp. 411-416. (doi: 10.1038/nsmb.2253)

Stewart, H., Adema, K. W., McMonagle, E. L., Hosie, M. J. and Willett, B. J. (2012) Identification of novel subgroup a variants with enhanced receptor binding and replicative capacity in primary isolates of anaemogenic strains of feline leukaemia virus. Retrovirology, 9, 48. (doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-48) (PMID:22650160) (PMCID:PMC3403869)

2011

Dietrich, I., Hosie, M. J. and Willett, B. J. (2011) The role of BST2/tetherin in feline retrovirus infection. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 143(3-4), pp. 255-264. (doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.06.020)

Dietrich, I., McEwan, W. A., Hosie, M. J. and Willett, B. J. (2011) Restriction of the felid lentiviruses by a synthetic feline TRIM5-CypA fusion. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 143(3-4), pp. 235-242. (doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.06.017)

Stewart, H., Jarrett, O., Hosie, M.J. and Willett, B.J. (2011) Are endogenous feline leukemia viruses really endogenous? Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 143(3-4), pp. 325-331. (doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.06.011)

Hosie, M. J. , Pajek, D., Samman, A. and Willett, B. J. (2011) Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) neutralization: a review. Viruses, 3(10), pp. 1870-1890. (doi: 10.3390/v3101870)

Teixeira, B.M., Logan, N., Samman, A., Miyashiro, S.I., Brandão, P.E., Willett, B.J. , Hosie, M.J. and Hagiwara, M.K. (2011) Isolation and partial characterization of Brazilian samples of feline immunodeficiency virus. Virus Research, 160(1-2), pp. 59-65. (doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.05.007)

Dietrich, I., McMonagle, E. L., Petit, S. J., Vijayakrishnan, S. , Logan, N., Chan, C. N., Towers, G. J., Hosie, M. J. and Willett, B. J. (2011) Feline tetherin efficiently restricts release of feline immunodeficiency virus but not spreading of infection. Journal of Virology, 85(12), pp. 5840-5852. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.00071-11) (PMID:21490095) (PMCID:PMC3126296)

Samman, A., McMonagle, E.L., Logan, N., Willett, B.J. , Biek, R. and Hosie, M.J. (2011) Phylogenetic characterisation of naturally occurring feline immunodeficiency virus in the United Kingdom. Veterinary Microbiology, 150(3-4), pp. 239-247. (doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.01.027)

2010

Dietrich, I., MacIntyre, A., McMonagle, E., Price, A.J., James, L.C., McEwan, W.A., Hosie, M.J. and Willett, B.J. (2010) Potent lentiviral restriction by a synthetic feline TRIM5 cyclophilin A fusion. Journal of Virology, 84(17), pp. 8980-8985. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.00858-10)

Willett, B. J., Kraase, M., Logan, N., McMonagle, E. L., Samman, A. and Hosie, M. J. (2010) Modulation of the virus-receptor interaction by mutations in the V5 loop of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) following in vivo escape from neutralising antibody. Retrovirology, 7(1), p. 38. (doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-7-38) (PMID:20420700) (PMCID:PMC2873508)

Kraase, M., Sloan, R., Klein, D., Logan, N., McMonagle, L., Biek, R. , Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2010) Feline immunodeficiency virus env gene evolution in experimentally infected cats. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 134(1-2), pp. 96-106. (doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.10.015) (PMID:19897254)

Teixeira, B. M., Logan, N., Cruz, J.C.M., Reis, J.K.P., Brandão, P.E., Richtzenhain, L.J., Hagiwara, M.K., Willett, B.J. and Hosie, M.J. (2010) Genetic diversity of Brazilian isolates of feline immunodeficiency virus. Archives of Virology, 155(3), pp. 379-384. (doi: 10.1007/s00705-009-0587-2)

Samman, A., Logan, N., McMonagle, E. L., Ishida, T., Mochizuki, M., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2010) Neutralization of feline immunodeficiency virus by antibodies targeting the V5 loop of Env. Journal of General Virology, 91(1), pp. 242-249. (doi: 10.1099/vir.0.015404-0)

Willett, B.J. and Hosie, M.J. (2010) The felid immunodeficiency viruses: viral cell tropism and the pathogenesis of feline AIDS. In: Desport, M. (ed.) Lentiviruses and Macrophages. Horizon Scientific Press. ISBN 9781904455608

2009

Fletcher, N.F., Bexiga, M.G., Brayden, D.J., Brankin, B., Willett, B.J., Hosie, M.J., Jacque, J.M. and Callanan, J.J. (2009) Lymphocyte migration through the blood brain barrier (BBB) in feline immunodeficiency virus infection is significantly influenced by the pre-existence of virus and TNF-α within the CNS: studies using an in vitro feline BBB model. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology, 35(6), pp. 592-602. (doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2009.01031.x)

McEwan, W. A., Schaller, T., Ylinen, L. M., Hosie, M. J., Towers, G. J. and Willett, B. J. (2009) Truncation of TRIM5 in the Feliformia explains the absence of retroviral restriction in cells of the domestic cat. Journal of Virology, 83(16), pp. 8270-8275. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.00670-09) (PMID:19494015) (PMCID:PMC2715776)

Shalev, Z., Duffy, S.P., Adema, K., Prasad, R., Hussain, N., Willett, B.J. and Tailor, C.S. (2009) Identification of a feline leukemia virus variant that can use THTR1, FLVCR1 and FLVCR2 for infection. Journal of Virology, 83(13), pp. 6706-6716. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.02317-08)

Willett, B. J., McMonagle, E. L., Logan, N., Schneider, P. and Hosie, M. J. (2009) Enforced covalent trimerisation of soluble feline CD134 (OX40)-ligand generates a functional antagonist of feline immunodeficiency virus. Molecular Immunology, 46(6), pp. 1020-1030. (doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2008.08.271)

2008

McEwan, W. A., McMonagle, E. L., Logan, N., Serra, R. C., Kat, P., Vandewoude, S., Hosie, M. J. and Willett, B. J. (2008) Genetically divergent strains of feline immunodeficiency virus from the domestic cat (Felis catus) and the African lion (Panthera leo) share usage of CD134 and CXCR4 as entry receptors. Journal of Virology, 82(21), pp. 10953-10958. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.01312-08)

Willett, B. J., McMonagle, E. L., Logan, N., Samman, A. and Hosie, M. J. (2008) A single site for N-linked glycosylation in the envelope glycoprotein of feline immunodeficiency virus modulates the virus-receptor interaction. Retrovirology, 5(77), (doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-5-77)

Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2008) Chemokine receptors and co-stimulatory molecules: unravelling feline immunodeficiency virus infection. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 123(1-2), pp. 56-64. (doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.01.012)

Fletcher, N.F., Bexiga, M., Brayden, D.J., Brankin, B., Willett, B.J. , Hosie, M.J. , Jacque, J.M. and Callanan, J.J. (2008) Cell migration through the blood brain barrier (BBB) in feline immunodeficiency virus infection is significantly influenced by the pre-existence of virus and tnf-alpha within the CNS: studies using an in vitro feline BBB model. Journal of Neuroimmunology, 197(2), p. 161.

2007

Willett, B.J., McMonagle, E.L., Logan, N., Spiller, O.B., Schneider, P. and Hosie, M.J. (2007) Probing the interaction between feline immunodeficiency virus and CD134 by using the novel monoclonal antibody 7D6 and the CD134 (Ox40) ligand. Journal of Virology, 81(18), pp. 9665-9679. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.01020-07)

2006

Willett, B.J., McMonagle, E.L., Bonci, F., Pistello, M. and Hosie, M.J. (2006) Mapping the domains of CD134 as a functional receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Journal of Virology, 80(15), pp. 7744-7747. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.00722-06)

Willett, B.J., McMonagle, E.L., Ridha, S. and Hosie, M.J. (2006) Differential utilization of CD134 as a functional receptor by diverse strains of feline immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Virology, 80(7), pp. 3386-3394. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.80.7.3386-3394.2006)

Willett, B., McMonagle, E., Bonci, F., Pistello, M. and Hosie, M. (2006) Mapping the domains of CD134 as a functional receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Virology, 80, pp. 7744-7747. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.00722-06)

2005

Hosie, M.J. et al. (2005) Vaccination with an Inactivated Virulent Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Engineered to Express High Levels of Env. Journal of Virology, 79(3), pp. 1954-1957.

2004

Tebb, A.J., Cave, T., Barron, R., Brown, A.L., Martineau, H.M., Willett, B. and Hosie, M.J. (2004) Diagnosis and management of β cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in a cat. Veterinary Record, 154(14), pp. 430-433. (doi: 10.1136/vr.154.14.430)

Shimojima, M., Miyazawa, T., Ikeda, Y., McMonagle, E.L., Haining, H., Akashi, H., Takeuchi, Y., Hosie, M.J. and Willett, B.J. (2004) Use of CD134 as a primary receptor by the feline immunodeficiency virus. Science, 303(20), pp. 1192-1195. (doi: 10.1126/science.1092124)

2003

Willett, B.J., Cannon, C.A. and Hosie, M.J. (2003) Expression of CXCR4 on feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells: effect of feline immunodeficiency virus infection. Journal of Virology, 77(1), pp. 709-712. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.77.1.709-712.2003)

2002

Brown, A., Dunsford, T., Jarrett, O., Willett, B. and Hosie, M. (2002) Demonstration of biological activity of CD40 ligand (CD154) in the domestic cat. Cytokine, 17, pp. 140-148. (doi: 10.1006/cyto.2001.0993)

Gomes-Keller, M., Nunez, R., Schroff, M., Oswald, D., Willett, B. and Lutz, H. (2002) Up-regulation by feline interleukin-4 and down-regulation by feline interferon-gamma of major histocompatibility complex class II on cat B-lymphocytes. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 88, pp. 197-208.

Hosie, M.J. , Willett, B.J. , Klein, D., Dunsford, T.H., Cannon, C., Shimojima, M., Neil, J.C. and Jarrett, O. (2002) Evolution of replication efficiency following infection with a molecularly cloned feline immunodeficiency virus of low virulence. Journal of Virology, 76(12), pp. 6062-6072. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.76.12.6062-6072.2002)

Willett, B.J., Cannon, C.A. and Hosie, M.J. (2002) Upregulation of surface feline CXCR4 expression following ectopic expression of CCR5: implications for studies of the cell tropism of feline immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Virology, 76(18), pp. 9242-9252. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.76.18.9242-9252.2002)

2000

Hosie, M.J. et al. (2000) Vaccination with inactivated virus but not viral DNA reduces virus load following challenge with a heterologous and virulent isolate of feline immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Virology, 74(20), pp. 9403-9411. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.74.20.9403-9411.2000)

1999

Tailor, C.S., Willett, B.J. and Kabat, D. (1999) A putative cell surface receptor for anemia-inducing feline leukemia virus subgroup C is a member of a transporter superfamily. Journal of Virology, 73(8), pp. 6500-6505.

Brelot, A., Heveker, N., Adema, K., Hosie, M.J., Willett, B.J. and Alizon, M. (1999) Effect of mutations in the second extracellular loop of CXCR4 on its utilization by human and feline immunodeficiency viruses. Journal of Virology, 73(4), pp. 2576-2586.

Willett, B.J. and Hosie, M.J. (1999) The role of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 in infection with feline immunodeficiency virus. Molecular Membrane Biology, 16(1), pp. 67-72. (doi: 10.1080/096876899294779)

1998

Holznagel, E. et al. (1998) The role of in vitro-induced lymphocyte apoptosis in feline immunodeficiency virus infection: correlation with different markers of disease progression. Journal of Virology, 72(11), pp. 9025-9033.

Hosie, M.J. et al. (1998) DNA vaccination affords significant protection against feline immunodeficiency virus without inducing detectable antiviral antibodies. Journal of Virology, 72(9), pp. 7310-7319.

Hosie, M.J. et al. (1998) DNA vaccination affords significant protection against feline immunodeficiency virus infection without inducing detectable antiviral antibodies. Journal of Virology, 72(9), pp. 7310-7319.

Willett, B.J. et al. (1998) The second extracellular loop of CXCR4 determines its function as a receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Virology, 72(8), pp. 6475-6481.

McDonald, M. , Willett, B.J. , Jarrett, O. and Addie, D.D. (1998) A comparison of DNA amplification, isolation and serology for the detection of Chlamydia psittaci infection in cats. Veterinary Record, 143(4), pp. 97-101. (doi: 10.1136/vr.143.4.97)

Hosie, M.J. , Broere, N., Hesselgesser, J., Turner, J.D., Hoxie, J.A., Neil, J.C. and Willett, B.J. (1998) Modulation of feline immunodeficiency virus infection by stromal cell-derived factor (SDF-1). Journal of Virology, 72(3), pp. 2097-2104.

1997

Willett, B.J., Picard, L., Hosie, M.J., Turner, J.D., Adema, K. and Clapham, P.R. (1997) Shared usage of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 by the feline and human immunodeficiency viruses. Journal of Virology, 71(9), pp. 6407-6415.

de Parseval, A., Lerner, D.L., Borrow, P., Willett, B.J. and Elder, J.H. (1997) Blocking of feline immunodeficiency virus infection by a monoclonal antibody to CD9 is via inhibition of virus release rather than interference with receptor binding. Journal of Virology, 71(8), pp. 5742-5749.

Rigby, M.A., Hosie, M.J., Willett, B.J., Mackay, N., McDonald, M., Cannon, C., Dunsford, T., Jarrett, O. and Neil, J.C. (1997) Comparative efficiency of feline immunodeficiency virus infection by DNA inoculation. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 13(5), pp. 405-12. (doi: 10.1089/aid.1997.13.405) (PMID:9075482)

Saint-André Marchal, I., Dezutter-Dambuyant, C., Martin, J.P., Willett, B.J., Woo, J.C., Moore, P.F., Magnol, J.P., Schmitt, D. and Marchal, T. (1997) Quantitative assessment of feline epidermal Langerhans cells. British Journal of Dermatology, 136(6), pp. 961-5.

Saint-André Marchal, I., Dezutter-Dambuyant, C., Willett, B.J., Woo, J.C., Moore, P.F., Magnol, J.P., Schmitt, D. and Marchal, T. (1997) Immunophenotypic characterization of feline Langerhans cells. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 58(1), pp. 1-16. (doi: 10.1016/S0165-2427(97)00016-0)

Willett, B. , Hosie, M. , Shaw, A. and Neil, J.C. (1997) Inhibition of feline immunodeficiency virus infection by CD9 antibody operates after virus entry and is independent of virus tropism. Journal of General Virology, 78(3), pp. 611-618. (doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-78-3-611)

Willett, B.J., Flynn, J.N. and Hosie, M.J. (1997) FIV infection of the domestic cat: an animal model for AIDS. Immunology Today, 18(4), pp. 182-9.

Willett, B.J., Hosie, M.J. , Neil, J.C. , Turner, J.D. and Hoxie, J.A. (1997) Common mechanism of infection by lentiviruses. Nature, 385(6617), p. 587. (doi: 10.1038/385587a0)

1996

Beatty, J.A., Willett, B.J., Gault, E.A. and Jarrett, O. (1996) A longitudinal study of feline immunodeficiency virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in experimentally infected cats, using antigen-specific induction. Journal of Virology, 70(9), pp. 6199-6202.

Callanan, J.J., Jones, B.A., Irvine, J., Willett, B.J., McCandlish, I.A.P. and Jarrett, O. (1996) Histologic classification and immunophenotype of lymphosarcomas in cats with naturally and experimentally acquired feline immunodeficiency virus infections. Veterinary Pathology, 33(3), pp. 264-272. (doi: 10.1177/030098589603300302)

Hosie, M.J., Dunsford, T.H., de Ronde, A., Willett, B.J., Cannon, C.A., Neil, J.C. and Jarrett, O. (1996) Suppression of virus burden by immunization with feline immunodeficiency virus Env protein. Vaccine, 14(5), pp. 405-411. (doi: 10.1016/0264-410X(95)00193-5)

1995

Willett, B.J. and Neil, J.C. (1995) cDNA cloning and eukaryotic expression of feline CD9. Molecular Immunology, 32(6), pp. 417-423. (doi: 10.1016/0161-5890(95)00008-3) (PMID:7753050)

1994

Willett, B. J. , de Parseval, A., Peri, E., Rocchi, M., Hosie, M. J., Randall, R., Klatzmann, D., Neil, J. C. and Jarrett, O. (1994) The generation of monoclonal antibodies recognising novel epitopes by immunisation with solid matrix antigen-antibody complexes reveals a polymorphic determinant on feline CD4. Journal of Immunological Methods, 176(2), pp. 213-220. (doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(94)90315-8) (PMID:7527069)

Willett, B.J. , Hosie, M.J. , Jarrett, O. and Neil, J.C. (1994) Identification of a putative cellular receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus as the feline homologue of CD9. Immunology, 81(2), pp. 228-33. (PMID:8157271)

1993

Hosie, M.J. , Willett, B.J. , Dunsford, T.H., Jarrett, O. and Neil, J.C. (1993) A monoclonal antibody which blocks infection with feline immunodeficiency virus identifies a possible non-CD4 receptor. Journal of Virology, 67(3), pp. 1667-1671. (PMID:7679750) (PMCID:PMC237540)

Willett, B.J. , Hosie, M. , Neil, J.C. and Jarrett, O. (1993) Infection with feline immunodeficiency virus is followed by the rapid expansion of a CD8+ lymphocyte subset. Immunology, 78, pp. 1-6. (PMCID:PMC1421779)

1991

Willett, B.J. , Hosie, M.J. , Dunsford, T.H., Neil, J.C. and Jarrett, O. (1991) Productive infection of T-helper lymphocytes with feline immunodeficiency virus is accompanied by reduced expression of CD4. AIDS, 5(12), pp. 1469-75. (PMID:1687647)

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Number of items: 121.

Articles

Willett, B. J. et al. (2023) Omicron BA.2.86 cross-neutralising activity in community sera from the UK. Lancet, 402(10417), pp. 2075-2076. (doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02397-8) (PMID:37952549)

Banda, L. et al. (2023) Characterising the evolving SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in urban and rural Malawi between February 2021 and April 2022: A population-based cohort study. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 137, pp. 118-125. (doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.10.020) (PMCID:PMC10695832)

Tyson, G. B. et al. (2023) Increase in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in UK domestic felids despite weak immunogenicity of post-Omicron variants. Viruses, 15(8), 1661. (doi: 10.3390/v15081661) (PMID:37632004) (PMCID:PMC10458763)

Dowell, A. C. et al. (2023) Immunological imprinting of humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in children. Nature Communications, 14, 3845. (doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-39575-2) (PMID:37386081) (PMCID:PMC10310754)

Tyson, G. B., Jones, S., Logan, N., McDonald, M., Marshall, L., Murcia, P. R. , Willett, B. J. , Weir, W. and Hosie, M. J. (2023) SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and cross-variant antibody neutralization in cats, United Kingdom. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 29(6), pp. 1223-1227. (doi: 10.3201/eid2906.221755) (PMID:37141617) (PMCID:PMC10202862)

Ho, A. et al. (2023) Adeno-associated virus 2 infection in children with non-A-E hepatitis. Nature, 617(7961), pp. 555-563. (doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-05948-2) (PMID:36996873)

Martin, C. A. et al. (2023) Ethnic differences in cellular and humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in UK healthcare workers: a cross-sectional analysis. EClinicalMedicine, 58, 101926. (doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101926) (PMID:37034357) (PMCID:PMC10071048)

Cox, M. et al. (2023) SARS-CoV-2 variant evasion of monoclonal antibodies based on in vitro studies. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 21(2), pp. 112-124. (doi: 10.1038/s41579-022-00809-7) (PMID:36307535) (PMCID:PMC9616429)

Manali, M. et al. (2023) SARS-CoV-2 evolution and patient immunological history shape the breadth and potency of antibody-mediated immunity. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 227(1), pp. 40-49. (doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac332) (PMID:35920058) (PMCID:PMC9384671)

Liew, F. et al. (2023) SARS-CoV-2-specific nasal IgA wanes 9 months after hospitalisation with COVID-19 and is not induced by subsequent vaccination. EBioMedicine, 87, 104402. (doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104402) (PMID:36543718) (PMCID:PMC9762734)

De Glanville, W. A. et al. (2022) An outbreak of Rift Valley fever among peri-urban dairy cattle in northern Tanzania. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 116(11), pp. 1082-1090. (doi: 10.1093/trstmh/trac076) (PMID:36040309) (PMCID:PMC9623736)

Cantoni, D. et al. (2022) Evolutionary remodelling of N-terminal domain loops fine-tunes SARS-CoV-2 spike. EMBO Reports, 23(10), e54322. (doi: 10.15252/embr.202154322) (PMID:35999696) (PMCID:PMC9535765)

de Glanville, W. A. et al. (2022) Inter-epidemic Rift Valley fever virus infection incidence and risks for zoonotic spillover in northern Tanzania. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 16(10), e0010871. (doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010871) (PMID:36306281) (PMCID:PMC9665400)

Hu, S., Logan, N., Coleman, S., Evans, C., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2022) Correlating IgG levels with neutralising antibody levels to indicate clinical protection in healthcare workers at risk during a measles outbreak. Viruses, 14(8), 1716. (doi: 10.3390/v14081716) (PMID:36016338) (PMCID:PMC9415042)

Willett, B. J. et al. (2022) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is an immune escape variant with an altered cell entry pathway. Nature Microbiology, 7(8), pp. 1161-1179. (doi: 10.1038/s41564-022-01143-7) (PMID:35798890) (PMCID:PMC9352574)

Thomas, K. M. et al. (2022) Prospective cohort study reveals unexpected aetiologies of livestock abortion in Northern Tanzania. Scientific Reports, 12, 11669. (doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-15517-8) (PMID:35803982) (PMCID:PMC9270399)

Parry, H. et al. (2022) COVID-19 vaccines elicit robust cellular immunity and clinical protection in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer Cell, 40(6), pp. 584-586. (doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.05.001) (PMID:35588735) (PMCID:PMC9072807)

Dowell, A. C. et al. (2022) mRNA or ChAd0x1 COVID-19 vaccination of adolescents induces robust antibody and cellular responses with continued recognition of omicron following mRNA-1273. Frontiers in Immunology, 13, 882515. (doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.882515) (PMID:35720281) (PMCID:PMC9201026)

Hu, S., Logan, N., Puenpa, J., Wanlapakorn, N., Vongpunsawad, S., Poovorawan, Y., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2022) Evaluation of the effect of maternally derived antibody on response to MMR vaccine in Thai infants. Vaccine, 40(10), pp. 1439-1447. (doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.01.049) (PMID:35135700) (PMCID:PMC8884255)

Bryden, S. R. et al. (2022) Exploration of immunological responses underpinning severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection reveals IL-6 as a therapeutic target in an immunocompromised mouse model. PNAS Nexus, 1(1), pgac024. (doi: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac024) (PMID:35529317) (PMCID:PMC9071185)

Parry, H. et al. (2022) Impaired neutralisation of SARS-CoV-2 delta variant in vaccinated patients with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Journal of Hematology and Oncology, 15(1), 3. (doi: 10.1186/s13045-021-01219-7) (PMID:35000597) (PMCID:PMC8743056)

Dowell, A. C. et al. (2022) Children develop robust and sustained cross-reactive spike-specific immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nature Immunology, 23(1), pp. 40-49. (doi: 10.1038/s41590-021-01089-8) (PMID:34937928) (PMCID:PMC8709786)

Davis, C. et al. (2021) Reduced neutralisation of the Delta (B.1.617.2) SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern following vaccination. PLoS Pathogens, 17(12), e1010022. (doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010022) (PMID:34855916) (PMCID:PMC8639073)

Szemiel, A. M. et al. (2021) In vitro selection of Remdesivir resistance suggests evolutionary predictability of SARS-CoV-2. PLoS Pathogens, 17(9), e1009929. (doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009929) (PMID:34534263) (PMCID:PMC8496873)

Morgan, D. C. et al. (2021) Stapled ACE2 peptidomimetics designed to target the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein do not prevent virus internalisation. Peptide Science, 113(4), e24217. (doi: 10.1002/pep2.24217) (PMID:33615115) (PMCID:PMC7883042)

Meza, D. K. , Broos, A. , Becker, D. J., Behdenna, A., Willett, B. J. , Viana, M. and Streicker, D. G. (2021) Predicting the presence and titre of rabies virus‐neutralizing antibodies from low‐volume serum samples in low‐containment facilities. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 68(3), pp. 1564-1576. (doi: 10.1111/tbed.13826) (PMID:32931658)

Hosie, M. J. et al. (2021) Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples from cats in the UK associated with human-to-cat transmission. Veterinary Record, 188(8), e247. (doi: 10.1002/vetr.247) (PMID:33890314) (PMCID:PMC8251078)

Gallo, G., Conceicao, C., Tsirigoti, C., Willett, B. , Graham, S. C. and Bailey, D. (2021) Application of error-prone PCR to functionally probe the morbillivirus Haemagglutinin protein. Journal of General Virology, 102(4), 001580. (doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001580) (PMID:33739251) (PMCID:PMC8290269)

Hughes, E. C. et al. (2021) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 serosurveillance in a patient population reveals differences in virus exposure and antibody-mediated immunity according to host demography and healthcare setting. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 223(6), pp. 971-980. (doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa788) (PMID:33367847) (PMCID:PMC7798933)

Parr, Y. A., Beall, M. J., Levy, J. K., McDonald, M. , Hamman, N. T., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2021) Measuring the humoral immune response in cats exposed to feline leukaemia virus. Viruses, 13(3), 428. (doi: 10.3390/v13030428) (PMID:33800090) (PMCID:PMC7998633)

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Herzog, C. M., de Glanville, W. A., Willett, B. J. , Cattadori, I. M., Kapur, V., Hudson, P. J., Buza, J., Swai, E. S., Cleaveland, S. and Bjørnstad, O. N. (2020) Peste des petits ruminants virus transmission scaling and husbandry practices that contribute to increased transmission risk: an investigation among sheep, goats, and cattle in Northern Tanzania. Viruses, 12(9), 930. (doi: 10.3390/v12090930) (PMID:32847058) (PMCID:PMC7552010)

Murcia, P. , Streiker, D. , Da Silva Filipe, A. , Robertson, D. , Jarrett, R. , Willett, B. , Hosie, M. , Biek, R. , Allan, K. and Weir, W. (2020) Send cat and dog samples to test for SARS-CoV-2. Veterinary Record, 186(17), p. 571. (doi: 10.1136/vr.m2019) (PMID:32451348)

Herzog, C.M., De Glanville, W.A., Willett, B.J. , Cattadori, I.M., Kapur, V., Hudson, P.J., Buza, J., Swai, E.S., Cleaveland, S. and Bjørnstad, O.N. (2020) Identifying age cohorts responsible for Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus transmission among sheep, goats, and cattle in Northern Tanzania. Viruses, 12(2), e186. (doi: 10.3390/v12020186) (PMID:32046120) (PMCID:PMC7077219)

Herzog, C.M., de Glanville, W.A., Willett, B.J. , Kibona, T.J., Cattadori, I.M., Kapur, V., Hudson, P.J., Buza, J., Cleaveland, S. and Bjørnstad, O.N. (2019) Pastoral production is associated with increased peste des petits ruminants seroprevalence in northern Tanzania across sheep, goats and cattle. Epidemiology and Infection, 147, e242. (doi: 10.1017/S0950268819001262) (PMID:31364555)

Behdenna, A. et al. (2019) Transmission ecology of canine parvovirus in a multi-host, multi-pathogen system. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences, 286, 20182772. (doi: 10.1098/rspb.2018.2772) (PMID:30914008) (PMCID:PMC6452066)

Abdullah, N. et al. (2018) Structure-guided identification of a non-human morbillivirus with zoonotic potential. Journal of Virology, 92(23), e01248-18. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.01248-18) (PMID:30232185) (PMCID:PMC6232486)

Baron, M. D., Diop, B., Njeumi, F., Willett, B. J. and Bailey, D. (2017) Future research to underpin successful peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) eradication. Journal of General Virology, 98(11), pp. 2635-2644. (doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000944) (PMID:29022862) (PMCID:PMC5845661)

Hosie, M. J. , Techakriengkrai, N., Beczkowski, P. M., Harris, M., Logan, N. and Willett, B. (2017) The comparative value of feline virology research: can findings from the feline lentiviral vaccine be translated to humans? Veterinary Sciences, 4(1), 7. (doi: 10.3390/vetsci4010007)

Logan, N., Dundon, W. G., Diallo, A., Baron, M. D., Nyarobi, M. J., Cleaveland, S. , Keyyu, J., Fyumagwa, R., Hosie, M. J. and Willett, B. J. (2016) Enhanced immunosurveillance for animal morbilliviruses using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotypes. Vaccine, 34(47), pp. 5736-5743. (doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.10.010) (PMID:27742221) (PMCID:PMC5084683)

Holzer, B., Hodgson, S., Logan, N., Willett, B. and Baron, M. D. (2016) Protection of cattle against rinderpest by vaccination with wild-type but not attenuated strains of peste des petits ruminants virus. Journal of Virology, 90(10), pp. 5152-5162. (doi: 10.1128/jvi.00040-16) (PMID:26984722) (PMCID:PMC4859729)

Logan, N. et al. (2016) Efficient generation of vesicular stomatitis 1 virus (VSV)-pseudotypes bearing morbilliviral glycoproteins and their use in quantifying virus neutralising antibodies. Vaccine, 34(6), pp. 814-822. (doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.12.006) (PMID:6706278)

Brennan, B. et al. (2015) In memoriam – Richard M. Elliott (1954–2015). Journal of General Virology, 96(8), pp. 1975-1978. (doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000241) (PMID:26315040)

Hofmann-Lehmann, R., Levy, L. S. and Willett, B. J. (2015) Comparing the efficacy of FeLV vaccines: Comment on: Stuke, K. et al. Efficacy of an inactivated FeLV vaccine compared to a recombinant FeLV vaccine in minimum age cats following virulent FeLV challenge. Vaccine 2014;32(22):2599-603. Vaccine, 33(24), pp. 2737-2738. (doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.10.038) (PMID:25444783)

Beczkowski, P. M., Hughes, J. , Biek, R. , Litster, A., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2015) Rapid evolution of the env gene leader sequence in cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Journal of General Virology, 96(4), pp. 893-903. (doi: 10.1099/vir.0.000035) (PMID:25535323) (PMCID:PMC4361796)

Beczkowski, P., Logan, N., McMonagle, E., Litster, A., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2015) An investigation of the breadth of neutralising antibody response in cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. Journal of General Virology, 96(3), pp. 671-680. (doi: 10.1099/vir.0.071522-0) (PMID:25395594) (PMCID:PMC4336861)

Bęczkowski, P. M., Litster, A., Lin, T. L., Mellor, D. J. , Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2015) Contrasting clinical outcomes in two cohorts of cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Veterinary Microbiology, 176(1-2), pp. 50-60. (doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.12.023) (PMID:25595267) (PMCID:PMC4332694)

Beczkowski, P. M., Harris, M., Techakriengkrai, N., Beatty, J. A., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2015) Neutralising antibody response in domestic cats immunised with a commercial feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) vaccine. Vaccine, 33(8), pp. 977-984. (doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.01.028) (PMID:25613718) (PMCID:PMC4327927)

Viana, M. et al. (2015) Dynamics of a morbillivirus at the domestic-wildlife interface: Canine distemper virus in domestic dogs and lions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(5), pp. 1464-1469. (doi: 10.1073/pnas.1411623112) (PMID:25605919) (PMCID:PMC4321234)

Beczkowski, P. M., Techakriengkrai, N., Logan, N., McMonagle, E., Litster, A., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2014) Emergence of CD134 cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2)-independent strains of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is associated with disease progression in naturally infected cats. Retrovirology, 11, p. 95. (doi: 10.1186/s12977-014-0095-7) (PMID:25430586) (PMCID:PMC4275942)

Bęczkowski, P. M., Hughes, J. , Biek, R. , Litster, A., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2014) Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) env recombinants are common in natural infections. Retrovirology, 11(80), (doi: 10.1186/s12977-014-0080-1) (PMID:25699660) (PMCID:PMC4180853)

Busnadiego, I. et al. (2014) Host and viral determinants of Mx2 antiretroviral activity. Journal of Virology, 88(14), pp. 7738-7752. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.00214-14) (PMID:24760893) (PMCID:PMC4097781)

Willett, B.J. and Hosie, M.J. (2013) The virus–receptor interaction in the replication of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Current Opinion in Virology, 3(6), pp. 670-675. (doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2013.08.003)

Chan, C.N., Dietrich, I., Hosie, M.J. and Willett, B.J. (2013) Recent developments in human immunodeficiency virus-1 latency research. Journal of General Virology, 94(5), pp. 917-932. (doi: 10.1099/vir.0.049296-0)

Chan, C.N., McMonagle, E.L., Hosie, M.J. and Willett, B.J. (2013) Prostratin exhibits both replication enhancing and inhibiting effects on FIV infection of feline CD4+ T-cells. Virus Research, 171(1), pp. 121-128. (doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2012.11.004)

Stewart, H., Jarrett, O., Hosie, M.J. and Willett, B.J. (2013) Complete genome sequences of two feline Leukemia virus subgroup B isolates with novel recombination sites. Genome Announcements, 1(1), e00036-12. (doi: 10.1128/genomeA.00036-12)

Varela, M. et al. (2013) Genetic imprint of vaccination on simian/human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmitted viral genomes in Rhesus Macaques. PLoS ONE, 8(8), e70814. (doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070814) (PMID:23967111) (PMCID:PMC3743870)

Willett, B.J. and Hosie, M.J. (2013) Feline leukaemia virus: half a century since its discovery. Veterinary Journal, 195(1), pp. 16-23. (doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2012.07.004)

Willett, B.J. , Kraase, M., Logan, N., McMonagle, E., Varela, M. and Hosie, M.J. (2013) Selective expansion of viral variants following experimental transmission of a reconstituted feline immunodeficiency virus quasispecies. PLoS ONE, 8(1), e54871. (doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054871) (PMID:23372784) (PMCID:PMC3553009)

Caines, M.E.C., Bichel, K., Price, A.J., McEwan, W.A., Towers, G.J., Willett, B.J. , Freund, S.M.V. and James, L.C. (2012) Diverse HIV viruses are targeted by a conformationally dynamic antiviral. Nature Structural and Molecular Biology, 19(4), pp. 411-416. (doi: 10.1038/nsmb.2253)

Stewart, H., Adema, K. W., McMonagle, E. L., Hosie, M. J. and Willett, B. J. (2012) Identification of novel subgroup a variants with enhanced receptor binding and replicative capacity in primary isolates of anaemogenic strains of feline leukaemia virus. Retrovirology, 9, 48. (doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-48) (PMID:22650160) (PMCID:PMC3403869)

Dietrich, I., Hosie, M. J. and Willett, B. J. (2011) The role of BST2/tetherin in feline retrovirus infection. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 143(3-4), pp. 255-264. (doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.06.020)

Dietrich, I., McEwan, W. A., Hosie, M. J. and Willett, B. J. (2011) Restriction of the felid lentiviruses by a synthetic feline TRIM5-CypA fusion. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 143(3-4), pp. 235-242. (doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.06.017)

Stewart, H., Jarrett, O., Hosie, M.J. and Willett, B.J. (2011) Are endogenous feline leukemia viruses really endogenous? Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 143(3-4), pp. 325-331. (doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.06.011)

Hosie, M. J. , Pajek, D., Samman, A. and Willett, B. J. (2011) Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) neutralization: a review. Viruses, 3(10), pp. 1870-1890. (doi: 10.3390/v3101870)

Teixeira, B.M., Logan, N., Samman, A., Miyashiro, S.I., Brandão, P.E., Willett, B.J. , Hosie, M.J. and Hagiwara, M.K. (2011) Isolation and partial characterization of Brazilian samples of feline immunodeficiency virus. Virus Research, 160(1-2), pp. 59-65. (doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.05.007)

Dietrich, I., McMonagle, E. L., Petit, S. J., Vijayakrishnan, S. , Logan, N., Chan, C. N., Towers, G. J., Hosie, M. J. and Willett, B. J. (2011) Feline tetherin efficiently restricts release of feline immunodeficiency virus but not spreading of infection. Journal of Virology, 85(12), pp. 5840-5852. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.00071-11) (PMID:21490095) (PMCID:PMC3126296)

Samman, A., McMonagle, E.L., Logan, N., Willett, B.J. , Biek, R. and Hosie, M.J. (2011) Phylogenetic characterisation of naturally occurring feline immunodeficiency virus in the United Kingdom. Veterinary Microbiology, 150(3-4), pp. 239-247. (doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.01.027)

Dietrich, I., MacIntyre, A., McMonagle, E., Price, A.J., James, L.C., McEwan, W.A., Hosie, M.J. and Willett, B.J. (2010) Potent lentiviral restriction by a synthetic feline TRIM5 cyclophilin A fusion. Journal of Virology, 84(17), pp. 8980-8985. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.00858-10)

Willett, B. J., Kraase, M., Logan, N., McMonagle, E. L., Samman, A. and Hosie, M. J. (2010) Modulation of the virus-receptor interaction by mutations in the V5 loop of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) following in vivo escape from neutralising antibody. Retrovirology, 7(1), p. 38. (doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-7-38) (PMID:20420700) (PMCID:PMC2873508)

Kraase, M., Sloan, R., Klein, D., Logan, N., McMonagle, L., Biek, R. , Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2010) Feline immunodeficiency virus env gene evolution in experimentally infected cats. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 134(1-2), pp. 96-106. (doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.10.015) (PMID:19897254)

Teixeira, B. M., Logan, N., Cruz, J.C.M., Reis, J.K.P., Brandão, P.E., Richtzenhain, L.J., Hagiwara, M.K., Willett, B.J. and Hosie, M.J. (2010) Genetic diversity of Brazilian isolates of feline immunodeficiency virus. Archives of Virology, 155(3), pp. 379-384. (doi: 10.1007/s00705-009-0587-2)

Samman, A., Logan, N., McMonagle, E. L., Ishida, T., Mochizuki, M., Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2010) Neutralization of feline immunodeficiency virus by antibodies targeting the V5 loop of Env. Journal of General Virology, 91(1), pp. 242-249. (doi: 10.1099/vir.0.015404-0)

Fletcher, N.F., Bexiga, M.G., Brayden, D.J., Brankin, B., Willett, B.J., Hosie, M.J., Jacque, J.M. and Callanan, J.J. (2009) Lymphocyte migration through the blood brain barrier (BBB) in feline immunodeficiency virus infection is significantly influenced by the pre-existence of virus and TNF-α within the CNS: studies using an in vitro feline BBB model. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology, 35(6), pp. 592-602. (doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2009.01031.x)

McEwan, W. A., Schaller, T., Ylinen, L. M., Hosie, M. J., Towers, G. J. and Willett, B. J. (2009) Truncation of TRIM5 in the Feliformia explains the absence of retroviral restriction in cells of the domestic cat. Journal of Virology, 83(16), pp. 8270-8275. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.00670-09) (PMID:19494015) (PMCID:PMC2715776)

Shalev, Z., Duffy, S.P., Adema, K., Prasad, R., Hussain, N., Willett, B.J. and Tailor, C.S. (2009) Identification of a feline leukemia virus variant that can use THTR1, FLVCR1 and FLVCR2 for infection. Journal of Virology, 83(13), pp. 6706-6716. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.02317-08)

Willett, B. J., McMonagle, E. L., Logan, N., Schneider, P. and Hosie, M. J. (2009) Enforced covalent trimerisation of soluble feline CD134 (OX40)-ligand generates a functional antagonist of feline immunodeficiency virus. Molecular Immunology, 46(6), pp. 1020-1030. (doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2008.08.271)

McEwan, W. A., McMonagle, E. L., Logan, N., Serra, R. C., Kat, P., Vandewoude, S., Hosie, M. J. and Willett, B. J. (2008) Genetically divergent strains of feline immunodeficiency virus from the domestic cat (Felis catus) and the African lion (Panthera leo) share usage of CD134 and CXCR4 as entry receptors. Journal of Virology, 82(21), pp. 10953-10958. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.01312-08)

Willett, B. J., McMonagle, E. L., Logan, N., Samman, A. and Hosie, M. J. (2008) A single site for N-linked glycosylation in the envelope glycoprotein of feline immunodeficiency virus modulates the virus-receptor interaction. Retrovirology, 5(77), (doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-5-77)

Willett, B. J. and Hosie, M. J. (2008) Chemokine receptors and co-stimulatory molecules: unravelling feline immunodeficiency virus infection. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 123(1-2), pp. 56-64. (doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.01.012)

Fletcher, N.F., Bexiga, M., Brayden, D.J., Brankin, B., Willett, B.J. , Hosie, M.J. , Jacque, J.M. and Callanan, J.J. (2008) Cell migration through the blood brain barrier (BBB) in feline immunodeficiency virus infection is significantly influenced by the pre-existence of virus and tnf-alpha within the CNS: studies using an in vitro feline BBB model. Journal of Neuroimmunology, 197(2), p. 161.

Willett, B.J., McMonagle, E.L., Logan, N., Spiller, O.B., Schneider, P. and Hosie, M.J. (2007) Probing the interaction between feline immunodeficiency virus and CD134 by using the novel monoclonal antibody 7D6 and the CD134 (Ox40) ligand. Journal of Virology, 81(18), pp. 9665-9679. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.01020-07)

Willett, B.J., McMonagle, E.L., Bonci, F., Pistello, M. and Hosie, M.J. (2006) Mapping the domains of CD134 as a functional receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Journal of Virology, 80(15), pp. 7744-7747. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.00722-06)

Willett, B.J., McMonagle, E.L., Ridha, S. and Hosie, M.J. (2006) Differential utilization of CD134 as a functional receptor by diverse strains of feline immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Virology, 80(7), pp. 3386-3394. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.80.7.3386-3394.2006)

Willett, B., McMonagle, E., Bonci, F., Pistello, M. and Hosie, M. (2006) Mapping the domains of CD134 as a functional receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Virology, 80, pp. 7744-7747. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.00722-06)

Hosie, M.J. et al. (2005) Vaccination with an Inactivated Virulent Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Engineered to Express High Levels of Env. Journal of Virology, 79(3), pp. 1954-1957.

Tebb, A.J., Cave, T., Barron, R., Brown, A.L., Martineau, H.M., Willett, B. and Hosie, M.J. (2004) Diagnosis and management of β cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in a cat. Veterinary Record, 154(14), pp. 430-433. (doi: 10.1136/vr.154.14.430)

Shimojima, M., Miyazawa, T., Ikeda, Y., McMonagle, E.L., Haining, H., Akashi, H., Takeuchi, Y., Hosie, M.J. and Willett, B.J. (2004) Use of CD134 as a primary receptor by the feline immunodeficiency virus. Science, 303(20), pp. 1192-1195. (doi: 10.1126/science.1092124)

Willett, B.J., Cannon, C.A. and Hosie, M.J. (2003) Expression of CXCR4 on feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells: effect of feline immunodeficiency virus infection. Journal of Virology, 77(1), pp. 709-712. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.77.1.709-712.2003)

Brown, A., Dunsford, T., Jarrett, O., Willett, B. and Hosie, M. (2002) Demonstration of biological activity of CD40 ligand (CD154) in the domestic cat. Cytokine, 17, pp. 140-148. (doi: 10.1006/cyto.2001.0993)

Gomes-Keller, M., Nunez, R., Schroff, M., Oswald, D., Willett, B. and Lutz, H. (2002) Up-regulation by feline interleukin-4 and down-regulation by feline interferon-gamma of major histocompatibility complex class II on cat B-lymphocytes. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 88, pp. 197-208.

Hosie, M.J. , Willett, B.J. , Klein, D., Dunsford, T.H., Cannon, C., Shimojima, M., Neil, J.C. and Jarrett, O. (2002) Evolution of replication efficiency following infection with a molecularly cloned feline immunodeficiency virus of low virulence. Journal of Virology, 76(12), pp. 6062-6072. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.76.12.6062-6072.2002)

Willett, B.J., Cannon, C.A. and Hosie, M.J. (2002) Upregulation of surface feline CXCR4 expression following ectopic expression of CCR5: implications for studies of the cell tropism of feline immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Virology, 76(18), pp. 9242-9252. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.76.18.9242-9252.2002)

Hosie, M.J. et al. (2000) Vaccination with inactivated virus but not viral DNA reduces virus load following challenge with a heterologous and virulent isolate of feline immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Virology, 74(20), pp. 9403-9411. (doi: 10.1128/JVI.74.20.9403-9411.2000)

Tailor, C.S., Willett, B.J. and Kabat, D. (1999) A putative cell surface receptor for anemia-inducing feline leukemia virus subgroup C is a member of a transporter superfamily. Journal of Virology, 73(8), pp. 6500-6505.

Brelot, A., Heveker, N., Adema, K., Hosie, M.J., Willett, B.J. and Alizon, M. (1999) Effect of mutations in the second extracellular loop of CXCR4 on its utilization by human and feline immunodeficiency viruses. Journal of Virology, 73(4), pp. 2576-2586.

Willett, B.J. and Hosie, M.J. (1999) The role of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 in infection with feline immunodeficiency virus. Molecular Membrane Biology, 16(1), pp. 67-72. (doi: 10.1080/096876899294779)

Holznagel, E. et al. (1998) The role of in vitro-induced lymphocyte apoptosis in feline immunodeficiency virus infection: correlation with different markers of disease progression. Journal of Virology, 72(11), pp. 9025-9033.

Hosie, M.J. et al. (1998) DNA vaccination affords significant protection against feline immunodeficiency virus without inducing detectable antiviral antibodies. Journal of Virology, 72(9), pp. 7310-7319.

Hosie, M.J. et al. (1998) DNA vaccination affords significant protection against feline immunodeficiency virus infection without inducing detectable antiviral antibodies. Journal of Virology, 72(9), pp. 7310-7319.

Willett, B.J. et al. (1998) The second extracellular loop of CXCR4 determines its function as a receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Virology, 72(8), pp. 6475-6481.

McDonald, M. , Willett, B.J. , Jarrett, O. and Addie, D.D. (1998) A comparison of DNA amplification, isolation and serology for the detection of Chlamydia psittaci infection in cats. Veterinary Record, 143(4), pp. 97-101. (doi: 10.1136/vr.143.4.97)

Hosie, M.J. , Broere, N., Hesselgesser, J., Turner, J.D., Hoxie, J.A., Neil, J.C. and Willett, B.J. (1998) Modulation of feline immunodeficiency virus infection by stromal cell-derived factor (SDF-1). Journal of Virology, 72(3), pp. 2097-2104.

Willett, B.J., Picard, L., Hosie, M.J., Turner, J.D., Adema, K. and Clapham, P.R. (1997) Shared usage of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 by the feline and human immunodeficiency viruses. Journal of Virology, 71(9), pp. 6407-6415.

de Parseval, A., Lerner, D.L., Borrow, P., Willett, B.J. and Elder, J.H. (1997) Blocking of feline immunodeficiency virus infection by a monoclonal antibody to CD9 is via inhibition of virus release rather than interference with receptor binding. Journal of Virology, 71(8), pp. 5742-5749.

Rigby, M.A., Hosie, M.J., Willett, B.J., Mackay, N., McDonald, M., Cannon, C., Dunsford, T., Jarrett, O. and Neil, J.C. (1997) Comparative efficiency of feline immunodeficiency virus infection by DNA inoculation. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 13(5), pp. 405-12. (doi: 10.1089/aid.1997.13.405) (PMID:9075482)

Saint-André Marchal, I., Dezutter-Dambuyant, C., Martin, J.P., Willett, B.J., Woo, J.C., Moore, P.F., Magnol, J.P., Schmitt, D. and Marchal, T. (1997) Quantitative assessment of feline epidermal Langerhans cells. British Journal of Dermatology, 136(6), pp. 961-5.

Saint-André Marchal, I., Dezutter-Dambuyant, C., Willett, B.J., Woo, J.C., Moore, P.F., Magnol, J.P., Schmitt, D. and Marchal, T. (1997) Immunophenotypic characterization of feline Langerhans cells. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 58(1), pp. 1-16. (doi: 10.1016/S0165-2427(97)00016-0)

Willett, B. , Hosie, M. , Shaw, A. and Neil, J.C. (1997) Inhibition of feline immunodeficiency virus infection by CD9 antibody operates after virus entry and is independent of virus tropism. Journal of General Virology, 78(3), pp. 611-618. (doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-78-3-611)

Willett, B.J., Flynn, J.N. and Hosie, M.J. (1997) FIV infection of the domestic cat: an animal model for AIDS. Immunology Today, 18(4), pp. 182-9.

Willett, B.J., Hosie, M.J. , Neil, J.C. , Turner, J.D. and Hoxie, J.A. (1997) Common mechanism of infection by lentiviruses. Nature, 385(6617), p. 587. (doi: 10.1038/385587a0)

Beatty, J.A., Willett, B.J., Gault, E.A. and Jarrett, O. (1996) A longitudinal study of feline immunodeficiency virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in experimentally infected cats, using antigen-specific induction. Journal of Virology, 70(9), pp. 6199-6202.

Callanan, J.J., Jones, B.A., Irvine, J., Willett, B.J., McCandlish, I.A.P. and Jarrett, O. (1996) Histologic classification and immunophenotype of lymphosarcomas in cats with naturally and experimentally acquired feline immunodeficiency virus infections. Veterinary Pathology, 33(3), pp. 264-272. (doi: 10.1177/030098589603300302)

Hosie, M.J., Dunsford, T.H., de Ronde, A., Willett, B.J., Cannon, C.A., Neil, J.C. and Jarrett, O. (1996) Suppression of virus burden by immunization with feline immunodeficiency virus Env protein. Vaccine, 14(5), pp. 405-411. (doi: 10.1016/0264-410X(95)00193-5)

Willett, B.J. and Neil, J.C. (1995) cDNA cloning and eukaryotic expression of feline CD9. Molecular Immunology, 32(6), pp. 417-423. (doi: 10.1016/0161-5890(95)00008-3) (PMID:7753050)

Willett, B. J. , de Parseval, A., Peri, E., Rocchi, M., Hosie, M. J., Randall, R., Klatzmann, D., Neil, J. C. and Jarrett, O. (1994) The generation of monoclonal antibodies recognising novel epitopes by immunisation with solid matrix antigen-antibody complexes reveals a polymorphic determinant on feline CD4. Journal of Immunological Methods, 176(2), pp. 213-220. (doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(94)90315-8) (PMID:7527069)

Willett, B.J. , Hosie, M.J. , Jarrett, O. and Neil, J.C. (1994) Identification of a putative cellular receptor for feline immunodeficiency virus as the feline homologue of CD9. Immunology, 81(2), pp. 228-33. (PMID:8157271)

Hosie, M.J. , Willett, B.J. , Dunsford, T.H., Jarrett, O. and Neil, J.C. (1993) A monoclonal antibody which blocks infection with feline immunodeficiency virus identifies a possible non-CD4 receptor. Journal of Virology, 67(3), pp. 1667-1671. (PMID:7679750) (PMCID:PMC237540)

Willett, B.J. , Hosie, M. , Neil, J.C. and Jarrett, O. (1993) Infection with feline immunodeficiency virus is followed by the rapid expansion of a CD8+ lymphocyte subset. Immunology, 78, pp. 1-6. (PMCID:PMC1421779)

Willett, B.J. , Hosie, M.J. , Dunsford, T.H., Neil, J.C. and Jarrett, O. (1991) Productive infection of T-helper lymphocytes with feline immunodeficiency virus is accompanied by reduced expression of CD4. AIDS, 5(12), pp. 1469-75. (PMID:1687647)

Book Sections

Willett, B.J. and Hosie, M.J. (2010) The felid immunodeficiency viruses: viral cell tropism and the pathogenesis of feline AIDS. In: Desport, M. (ed.) Lentiviruses and Macrophages. Horizon Scientific Press. ISBN 9781904455608

This list was generated on Thu Apr 18 10:22:22 2024 BST.

Grants

Grants and Awards listed are those received whilst working with the University of Glasgow.

  • Does maternal immunity to SARS-CoV-2 protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection infants in Scotland in the first year of life?
    Medical Research Council
    2022 - 2025
     
  • A multi-centre randomised controlled trial examining the effects of temporarily pausing Bruton Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor therapy to coincide with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and its impact on immune responses in patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (including a nested mechanistic sub-study)
    National Institute for Health Research
    2022 - 2024
     
  • Does maternal immunity to SARS-CoV-2 protect against SARS-CoV-2 infection infants in Scotland in the first year of life?
    Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
    2021 - 2023
     
  • Evaluation of Variants Affecting Deployed COVID-19 Vaccines
    Health Data Research UK
    2021 - 2022
     
  • Investigation of proven vaccine breakthrough by SARS-CoV-2 variants in established UK healthcare worker cohorts: SIREN consortium & PITCH Plus Pathway
    UK Research and Innovation
    2021 - 2022
     
  • SARS-CoV-2 infections in cats: assessing their zoonotic potential and role in sustaining the pandemic
    Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
    2021 - 2022
     
  • SARS-CoV-2 seroepidemiology in Wellcome-funded urban and rural cohorts in Malawi: generating evidence to inform regional medium and long term decision making
    Wellcome Trust
    2020 - 2022
     
  • A One Health Approach to Understanding the Epidemiology of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever virus in Tanzania
    US Department of Defense
    2020 - 2021
     
  • Host and viral factors in the emergence of a virulent strain of calicivirus
    Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
    2020 - 2022
     
  • GCRF Global Research Translation Awards
    UK Research and Innovation
    2019 - 2021
     
  • Vaccines and molecular tools for the control of the emerging bunyavirus, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV)
    Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
    2018 - 2021
     
  • A One Health approach to pan-valent morbillivirus vaccines
    Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
    2018 - 2021
     
  • Atypical bovine morbillivirus infections in the Serengeti ecosystem
    Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
    2017 - 2020
     
  • Quinquennial Core Funds
    Medical Research Council
    2016 - 2021
     
  • A viral pseudotype based approach to measuring morbillivirus neutralising antibodies
    Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
    2015 - 2017
     
  • The Centre for Virus Research
    Wellcome Trust
    2015 - 2020
     
  • Identification of a novel viral agent in feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-associated lymphomagenesis (ISSF Catalyst Fund)
    Wellcome Trust
    2011 - 2014
     
  • Predicting Vaccine Escape: Improving Strategic Vaccine Design
    Wellcome Trust
    2011 - 2013
     
  • Centre for Virus Research
    Medical Research Council
    2010 - 2016
     
  • Centre for Integrated Virology
    Medical Research Council
    2010 - 2015
     
  • Quasispecies evolution in the progression of FIV infectionttttrnttttrn
    Wellcome Trust
    2009 - 2017
     
  • The virus-receptor interaction in lentiviral pathogenesis and immunity
    Wellcome Trust
    2008 - 2013
     
  • Receptor usage and lentiviral pathogenesis
    Wellcome Trust
    2008 - 2008
     
  • Control of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
    Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
    2006 - 2009
     
  • Virus - receptor interactions at the blood brain barrier
    The Royal Society
    2006 - 2007
     
  • Rational Design of a Lentiviral Vaccine
    Medical Research Council
    2004 - 2007
     
  • Receptor Usage and Pathogenicity of Feline Lentiviruses
    National Institute of Health
    2003 - 2009
     

Supervision

Research datasets

Jump to: 2022 | 2020
Number of items: 4.

2022

Bryden, S. , Dunlop, J., Clarke, A., Fares, M. , Pingen, M., Wu, Y., Willett, B. , Patel, A. , Gao, G., Kohl, A. and Brennan, B. (2022) Elucidation of the immunological responses underpinning severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome reveals IL-6 as novel therapeutic target. [Data Collection]

De Glanville, W., Nyarobi, J. M., Kibona, T., Halliday, J. , Thomas, K. M., Allan, K. , Johnson, P. , Davis, A. , Lankester, F., Claxton, J. , Rostal, M. K., Carter, R., de Jong, R. M.F., Rubach, M. P., Crump, J. A., Mmbaga, B. T., Nyasebwa, O. M., Swai, E. S., Willett, B. and Cleaveland, S. (2022) Inter-epidemic Rift Valley fever virus infection in livestock and risks for zoonotic spillover in northern Tanzania. [Data Collection]

2020

Gilbert, M., Sulikhan, N., Uphyrkina, O., Goncharuk, M., Kerley, L., Hernandez Castro, E., Reeve, R. , Seimon, T., McAloose, D., Seryodkin, I. V., Naidenko, S. V., Davis, C. A., Wilkie, G. S., Vattipally, S. , Adamson, W., Hinds, C., Thomson, E. , Willett, B. , Hosie, M. , Logan, N., McDonald, M. , Ossiboff, R. J., Shevtsova, E. I., Belyakin, S., Yurlova, A. A., Osofsky, S. A., Miquelle, D. G., Matthews, L. and Cleaveland, S. (2020) Distemper, extinction and vaccination of the Amur tiger. [Data Collection]

De Glanville, W., Herzog, C., Willett, B. , Kibona, T., Cattadori, I., Kapur, V., Hudson, P., Buza, J., Cleaveland, S. and Bjornstad, O. (2020) Peste des petits ruminants seroprevalence in northern Tanzania across sheep, goats and cattle. [Data Collection]

This list was generated on Thu Apr 18 08:10:11 2024 BST.

Additional information

Editorial Board

  • 2011: Viruses - Guest editor for special edition on “Feline Retroviruses”
  • 2008 - present: Virology - Elsevier

Invited International Presentations

  • 2010: Cambridge, UK - University of Cambridge Veterinary School - Research Seminar Series
  • 2010: Newport Beach, California, USA - 22nd Retroviral Pathogenesis workshop
  • 2010: Cambridge, UK - Cambridge Institute for Medical Research - Research Seminar Series
  • 2010: Edinburgh, UK - EICC - Society for General Microbiology – Spring Meeting
  • 2010: Fort Collins, USA - Colorado State University - Research Seminar Series
  • 2010: Charleston, South Carolina, USA - 9th International Feline Retrovirus Research Symposium
  • 2009: Tuscany, Italy - 21st Retroviral Pathogenesis workshop
  • 2008: Toronto, Canada - 20th Retroviral Pathogenesis workshop
  • 2007: Glasgow, UK - Glasgow Virology Workshop
  • 2006: Washington DC, USA - 8th International Feline Retrovirus Research Symposium.
  • 2006: Dublin, Ireland - University College Dublin - Research Seminar Series
  • 2005: Edinburgh, UK - Herriot Watt University - Society for General Microbiology, 156th meeting
  • 2005: London, UK - Royal Society of Medicine - Symposium on The origins, resistance and pathogenesis of Lentiviruses
  • 2004: University of Pisa, Italy - 7th International Feline Retrovirus Research Symposium
  • 2004: London, UK - University College London, Wohl Virion Centre, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences - Research Seminar Series

Prizes, Awards and Distinctions

  • 1993: International Feline Retrovirus Research Symposium - Young Investigator Award for a scientific presentation

Professional Learned Society

  • 2009: Retroviral Pathogenesis Workshop, Italy - Organising Committe
  • 2008 - present: Glasgow Virology Workshop - Organising Committee
  • 2006 - present: International Feline Retrovirus Research Symposia - Organising Committee
  • 2003 - present: Retroviral Pathogenesis Workshop, Glasgow - Organising committee
  • - present: American Society for Microbiology - Member
  • - present: Society for General Microbiology - Member

Research Fellowship

  • 1995 - 1999: Wellcome Trust Research Career Development Fellowship

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