School of Health & Wellbeing

Dr Karen Wetherall

  • Research Fellow (Mental Health & Wellbeing)

telephone: 0141 232 2181
email: Karen.Wetherall@glasgow.ac.uk

R337, Mental Health and Wellbeing, Gartnaval Royal, Glasgow

Import to contacts

ORCID iDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969

Biography

Dr Karen Wetherall has been a researcher for the Suicidal Behaviour Research Lab (SBRL) since 2011.  She has developed and led a range of studies investigating suicidal thoughts and behaviours on general and at-risk populations. Her research has incorporated different methodologies, including longitudinal data, qualitative, psychobiological experiments and systematic reviews. 

Karen obtained an MA in Psychology from the University of Glasgow in 2002, and an MSc in Health Psychology from the University of Stirling in 2011.  In 2020, she completed her PhD on how social comparison with others, and perceptions of social rank, influence suicide risk.

She is a member of the Academic Advisory Group to the Scottish Government, and the International Association for Suicide Prevention (IASP). She has worked closely with third sector organisations, including developing reports for MQ Mental Health and Scottish Action for Mental Health (SAMH). She co-authored the free modules "“A Psychological Approach to Understanding and Preventing Suicide”.

LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/in/dr-karen-wetherall-6a1a19204/ 

Research interests

Karen's research interests include the understanding of factors associated with increased suicide risk. She is an advocate for the use of mixed-methods approaches to research. Specific areas include suicide risk in relation to:

- Perinatal period

- Menopause transition and menstrual cycle

- Socioeconomic determinants 

- Climate change

- Psychobiological markers 

Publications

List by: Type | Date

Jump to: 2026 | 2025 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2016 | 2015
Number of items: 32.

2026

Söehlemann, Anabel, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 and Melson, Ambrose J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-3801 (2026) Negative mood regulation expectancies, affect and suicidal ideation: a moderated mediation analysis. Psychiatric Quarterly, (doi: 10.1007/s11126-026-10295-2) (PMID:42250083) (Early Online Publication)

Wardle, Heather ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1361-3706, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Wyllie, Jessica ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2505-1025, Tipping, Sarah ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5568-1442, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Jones, Martin, McManus, Sally and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2026) Suicidal ideation among people with different gambling behaviour profiles: analysis of a longitudinal survey of people who gamble regularly in the UK. BJPsych Open, 12(1), e38. (doi: 10.1192/bjo.2025.10935) (PMID:41536125)

Xiao, Jiarui, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Ernst, Mareike, Robb, Kathryn A. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-0411 and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2026) Longitudinal temporal mediation within the motivational phase of the Integrated Motivational-Volitional (IMV) Model of suicidal behaviour with moderation of loneliness and resilience. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 56(1), e70081. (doi: 10.1111/sltb.70081)

2025

Wetherall, K. et al. (2025) Emotion processing and electrodermal activity in young people who self-harm. Nature Mental Health, 3(11), pp. 1374-1383. (doi: 10.1038/s44220-025-00520-5)

Mills, R. et al. (2025) The prosocial phenotype and cooperative health protective behaviors: insights from COVID-19. Health Psychology, (doi: 10.1037/hea0001561) (PMID:41143783) (Early Online Publication)

Sigel, Anika N., Udupa, Nikhila S., Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994, Joiner, Thomas E. and Jeon, Min Eun (2025) Measurement invariance of the 4-item entrapment scale short-form (E-SF): a transnational examination across race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, and suicide attempt history among minoritized adults. Assessment, 32(6), pp. 946-960. (doi: 10.1177/10731911241273444)

Melson, Ambrose J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-3801, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, O’Neill, Kevin, Maxwell, Margaret, Calveley, Eileen, McCoy, Martin and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2025) Development of a national Distress Brief Intervention: a multi-agency service to provide connected, compassionate support for people in distress. BMC Health Services Research, 25, 478. (doi: 10.1186/s12913-025-12469-3)

2023

van Eijk, Nikki L., Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Ferguson, Eamonn, O'Connor, Daryl and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2023) A latent class analysis using the integrated motivational-volitional model of suicidal behaviour: Understanding suicide risk over 36 months. Journal of Affective Disorders, 336, pp. 9-14. (doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.05.028) (PMID:37196933)

Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969 and O'Connor, Rory ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2023) Suicide prevention targeting middle-aged males: the role of primary care. British Journal of General Practice, 73(732), pp. 292-294. (doi: 10.3399/bjgp23X733197) (PMID:37385764)

Lok, V. et al. (2023) Changes in anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in the European population: A meta-analysis of changes and associations with restriction policies. European Psychiatry, 66(1), -31. e87. (doi: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2467) (PMID:37881862) (PMCID:PMC10755582)

O'Connor, D. B. et al. (2023) Effects of COVID-19-related worry and rumination on mental health and loneliness during the pandemic: longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 mental health & wellbeing study. Journal of Mental Health, 32(6), pp. 1122-1133. (doi: 10.1080/09638237.2022.2069716) (PMID:35579054)

2022

Wilding, Sarah, O'Connor, Daryl B., Ferguson, Eamonn, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, O'Carroll, Ronan E., Robb, Kathryn A. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-0411 and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2022) Probable COVID-19 infection is associated with subsequent poorer mental health and greater loneliness in the UK COVID-19 Mental Health and Wellbeing study. Scientific Reports, 12, 20795. (doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-24240-3) (PMID:36460665) (PMCID:PMC9718764)

Wilding, Sarah, O’Connor, Daryl B., Ferguson, Eamonn, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, O’Carroll, Ronan E. O., Robb, Kathryn A. and O’Connor, Rory C. O. (2022) Information seeking, mental health and loneliness: Longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 Mental Health & Wellbeing study. Psychiatry Research, 317, 114876. (doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114876) (PMID:36215778) (PMCID:PMC9526871)

Wetherall, K. et al. (2022) Mental health and well-being during the second wave of COVID-19: longitudinal analyses of the UK COVID-19 Mental Health and Wellbeing study (UK COVID-MH). BJPsych Open, 8(4), e103. (doi: 10.1192/bjo.2022.58) (PMID:35642377) (PMCID:PMC9171032)

Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Zortea, Tiago ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8451-0555 and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2022) Suicide and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic. In: Pompili, Maurizio (ed.) Suicide Risk Assessment and Prevention. Springer, pp. 691-701. ISBN 9783030420031 (doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-42003-1_95)

2021

Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Eschle, Sarah, Forrester, Rebecca, Drummond, Julie and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2021) Using the integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model of suicidal behaviour to differentiate those with and without suicidal intent in hospital treated self-harm. Preventive Medicine, 152(Part 1), 106592. (doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106592) (PMID:34538374)

O'Connor, R. C. et al. (2021) Mental health and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 Mental Health & Wellbeing study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 218(6), pp. 326-333. (doi: 10.1192/bjp.2020.212) (PMID:33081860) (PMCID:PMC7684009)

MacLean, Jack R. and Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969 (2021) The association between HIV-stigma and depressive symptoms among people living with HIV/AIDS: A systematic review of studies conducted in South Africa. Journal of Affective Disorders, 287, pp. 125-137. (doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.03.027) (PMID:33780828)

Zortea, Tiago C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8451-0555, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Melson, Ambrose J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-3801 and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2021) On suicide risk: from psychological processes to clinical assessment and intervention. In: Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology. Elsevier. ISBN 9780128093245 (doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-818697-8.00073-X)

2020

van Mens, K. et al. (2020) Predicting future suicidal behaviour in young adults, with different machine learning techniques: a population-based longitudinal study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 271, pp. 169-177. (doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.081) (PMID:32479313)

Zortea, Tiago C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8451-0555, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Melson, Ambrose J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-3801, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969 and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2020) Understanding and managing suicide risk. British Medical Bulletin, 134(1), pp. 73-84. (doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldaa013) (PMID:32435794)

De Beurs, Derek, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Eschle-Byrne, Sarah, Ferguson, Eamonn, O'Connor, Daryl B. and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2020) Entrapment and suicide risk: the development of the 4-item Entrapment Scale Short-Form (E-SF). Psychiatry Research, 284, 112765. (doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112765)

Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Zortea, Tiago ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8451-0555 and O'Connor, Rory ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2020) Status of the integrated motivational-volitional model of suicidal behaviour. In: De Leo, Diego and Poštuvan, Vita (eds.) Reducing the Toll of Suicide: Resources for Communities, Groups, and Individuals. Hogrefe Publishing: Göttingen, pp. 169-184. ISBN 9780889375697

2019

De Beurs, D., Fried, E.I., Wetherall, K. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, S. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, O'Connor, D.B., Ferguson, E., O'Carroll, R.E. and O'Connor, R.C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2019) Exploring the psychology of suicidal ideation: a theory driven network analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 120, 103419. (doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2019.103419)

Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Robb, Kathryn A. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-0411 and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2019) Social rank theory of depression: A systematic review of self-perceptions of social rank and their relationship with depressive symptoms and suicide risk. Journal of Affective Disorders, 246, pp. 300-319. (doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.045) (PMID:30594043)

Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Robb, Kathryn A. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-0411 and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2019) An examination of social comparison and suicide ideation through the lens of the integrated motivational–volitional model of suicidal behavior. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 49(1), pp. 167-182. (doi: 10.1111/sltb.12434) (PMID:29315750)

2018

Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Eschle, Sarah, Ferguson, Eamonn, O'Connor, Daryl B., O'Carroll, Ronan E. and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2018) From ideation to action: differentiating between those who think about suicide and those who attempt suicide in a national study of young adults. Journal of Affective Disorders, 241, pp. 475-483. (doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.074) (PMID:30149335)

Cha, Christine B., O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994, Kirtley, Olivia, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Eschle, Sarah, Tezanos, Katherine M. and Nock, Matthew K. (2018) Testing mood-activated psychological markers for suicidal ideation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 127(5), pp. 448-457. (doi: 10.1037/abn0000358) (PMID:29927267)

Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Clark, Andrea, Ryan, Caoimhe, Kirtley, Olivia, Smith, Michael and O'Connor, Rory ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2018) Adverse childhood experiences and hospital-treated self-harm. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(6), 1235. (doi: 10.3390/ijerph15061235)

O'Connor, Rory ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Eschle, Sarah, Drummond, Julie, Ferguson, Eamonn, O'Connor, Daryl B. and O'Carroll, Ronan E. (2018) Suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm: national prevalence study of young adults. BJPsych Open, 4(3), pp. 142-148. (doi: 10.1192/bjo.2018.14) (PMID:29922479) (PMCID:PMC6003254)

2016

O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Eschle, Sarah, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969 and Kirtley, Olivia J. (2016) The integrated motivational-volitional model of suicidal behavior. In: O'Connor, Rory C. and Pirkis, Jane (eds.) International Handbook of Suicide Prevention, Second Edition. Wiley Blackwell, pp. 220-240. ISBN 9781118903278 (doi: 10.1002/9781118903223.ch13)

2015

Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Daly, Michael, Robb, Kathryn A. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-0411, Wood, Alex M. and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2015) Explaining the income and suicidality relationship: income rank is more strongly associated with suicidal thoughts and attempts than income. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 50(6), pp. 929-937. (doi: 10.1007/s00127-015-1050-1) (PMID:25893994)

This list was generated on Sat Aug 1 08:35:44 2026 BST.
Jump to: Articles | Book Sections
Number of items: 32.

Articles

Söehlemann, Anabel, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 and Melson, Ambrose J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-3801 (2026) Negative mood regulation expectancies, affect and suicidal ideation: a moderated mediation analysis. Psychiatric Quarterly, (doi: 10.1007/s11126-026-10295-2) (PMID:42250083) (Early Online Publication)

Wardle, Heather ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1361-3706, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Wyllie, Jessica ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2505-1025, Tipping, Sarah ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5568-1442, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Jones, Martin, McManus, Sally and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2026) Suicidal ideation among people with different gambling behaviour profiles: analysis of a longitudinal survey of people who gamble regularly in the UK. BJPsych Open, 12(1), e38. (doi: 10.1192/bjo.2025.10935) (PMID:41536125)

Xiao, Jiarui, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Ernst, Mareike, Robb, Kathryn A. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-0411 and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2026) Longitudinal temporal mediation within the motivational phase of the Integrated Motivational-Volitional (IMV) Model of suicidal behaviour with moderation of loneliness and resilience. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 56(1), e70081. (doi: 10.1111/sltb.70081)

Wetherall, K. et al. (2025) Emotion processing and electrodermal activity in young people who self-harm. Nature Mental Health, 3(11), pp. 1374-1383. (doi: 10.1038/s44220-025-00520-5)

Mills, R. et al. (2025) The prosocial phenotype and cooperative health protective behaviors: insights from COVID-19. Health Psychology, (doi: 10.1037/hea0001561) (PMID:41143783) (Early Online Publication)

Sigel, Anika N., Udupa, Nikhila S., Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994, Joiner, Thomas E. and Jeon, Min Eun (2025) Measurement invariance of the 4-item entrapment scale short-form (E-SF): a transnational examination across race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, and suicide attempt history among minoritized adults. Assessment, 32(6), pp. 946-960. (doi: 10.1177/10731911241273444)

Melson, Ambrose J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-3801, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, O’Neill, Kevin, Maxwell, Margaret, Calveley, Eileen, McCoy, Martin and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2025) Development of a national Distress Brief Intervention: a multi-agency service to provide connected, compassionate support for people in distress. BMC Health Services Research, 25, 478. (doi: 10.1186/s12913-025-12469-3)

van Eijk, Nikki L., Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Ferguson, Eamonn, O'Connor, Daryl and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2023) A latent class analysis using the integrated motivational-volitional model of suicidal behaviour: Understanding suicide risk over 36 months. Journal of Affective Disorders, 336, pp. 9-14. (doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.05.028) (PMID:37196933)

Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969 and O'Connor, Rory ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2023) Suicide prevention targeting middle-aged males: the role of primary care. British Journal of General Practice, 73(732), pp. 292-294. (doi: 10.3399/bjgp23X733197) (PMID:37385764)

Lok, V. et al. (2023) Changes in anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in the European population: A meta-analysis of changes and associations with restriction policies. European Psychiatry, 66(1), -31. e87. (doi: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2467) (PMID:37881862) (PMCID:PMC10755582)

O'Connor, D. B. et al. (2023) Effects of COVID-19-related worry and rumination on mental health and loneliness during the pandemic: longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 mental health & wellbeing study. Journal of Mental Health, 32(6), pp. 1122-1133. (doi: 10.1080/09638237.2022.2069716) (PMID:35579054)

Wilding, Sarah, O'Connor, Daryl B., Ferguson, Eamonn, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, O'Carroll, Ronan E., Robb, Kathryn A. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-0411 and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2022) Probable COVID-19 infection is associated with subsequent poorer mental health and greater loneliness in the UK COVID-19 Mental Health and Wellbeing study. Scientific Reports, 12, 20795. (doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-24240-3) (PMID:36460665) (PMCID:PMC9718764)

Wilding, Sarah, O’Connor, Daryl B., Ferguson, Eamonn, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, O’Carroll, Ronan E. O., Robb, Kathryn A. and O’Connor, Rory C. O. (2022) Information seeking, mental health and loneliness: Longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 Mental Health & Wellbeing study. Psychiatry Research, 317, 114876. (doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114876) (PMID:36215778) (PMCID:PMC9526871)

Wetherall, K. et al. (2022) Mental health and well-being during the second wave of COVID-19: longitudinal analyses of the UK COVID-19 Mental Health and Wellbeing study (UK COVID-MH). BJPsych Open, 8(4), e103. (doi: 10.1192/bjo.2022.58) (PMID:35642377) (PMCID:PMC9171032)

Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Eschle, Sarah, Forrester, Rebecca, Drummond, Julie and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2021) Using the integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model of suicidal behaviour to differentiate those with and without suicidal intent in hospital treated self-harm. Preventive Medicine, 152(Part 1), 106592. (doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106592) (PMID:34538374)

O'Connor, R. C. et al. (2021) Mental health and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 Mental Health & Wellbeing study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 218(6), pp. 326-333. (doi: 10.1192/bjp.2020.212) (PMID:33081860) (PMCID:PMC7684009)

MacLean, Jack R. and Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969 (2021) The association between HIV-stigma and depressive symptoms among people living with HIV/AIDS: A systematic review of studies conducted in South Africa. Journal of Affective Disorders, 287, pp. 125-137. (doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.03.027) (PMID:33780828)

van Mens, K. et al. (2020) Predicting future suicidal behaviour in young adults, with different machine learning techniques: a population-based longitudinal study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 271, pp. 169-177. (doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.081) (PMID:32479313)

Zortea, Tiago C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8451-0555, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Melson, Ambrose J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-3801, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969 and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2020) Understanding and managing suicide risk. British Medical Bulletin, 134(1), pp. 73-84. (doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldaa013) (PMID:32435794)

De Beurs, Derek, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Eschle-Byrne, Sarah, Ferguson, Eamonn, O'Connor, Daryl B. and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2020) Entrapment and suicide risk: the development of the 4-item Entrapment Scale Short-Form (E-SF). Psychiatry Research, 284, 112765. (doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112765)

De Beurs, D., Fried, E.I., Wetherall, K. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, S. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, O'Connor, D.B., Ferguson, E., O'Carroll, R.E. and O'Connor, R.C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2019) Exploring the psychology of suicidal ideation: a theory driven network analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 120, 103419. (doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2019.103419)

Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Robb, Kathryn A. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-0411 and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2019) Social rank theory of depression: A systematic review of self-perceptions of social rank and their relationship with depressive symptoms and suicide risk. Journal of Affective Disorders, 246, pp. 300-319. (doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.045) (PMID:30594043)

Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Robb, Kathryn A. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-0411 and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2019) An examination of social comparison and suicide ideation through the lens of the integrated motivational–volitional model of suicidal behavior. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 49(1), pp. 167-182. (doi: 10.1111/sltb.12434) (PMID:29315750)

Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Eschle, Sarah, Ferguson, Eamonn, O'Connor, Daryl B., O'Carroll, Ronan E. and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2018) From ideation to action: differentiating between those who think about suicide and those who attempt suicide in a national study of young adults. Journal of Affective Disorders, 241, pp. 475-483. (doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.074) (PMID:30149335)

Cha, Christine B., O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994, Kirtley, Olivia, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Eschle, Sarah, Tezanos, Katherine M. and Nock, Matthew K. (2018) Testing mood-activated psychological markers for suicidal ideation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 127(5), pp. 448-457. (doi: 10.1037/abn0000358) (PMID:29927267)

Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Clark, Andrea, Ryan, Caoimhe, Kirtley, Olivia, Smith, Michael and O'Connor, Rory ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2018) Adverse childhood experiences and hospital-treated self-harm. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(6), 1235. (doi: 10.3390/ijerph15061235)

O'Connor, Rory ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Eschle, Sarah, Drummond, Julie, Ferguson, Eamonn, O'Connor, Daryl B. and O'Carroll, Ronan E. (2018) Suicide attempts and non-suicidal self-harm: national prevalence study of young adults. BJPsych Open, 4(3), pp. 142-148. (doi: 10.1192/bjo.2018.14) (PMID:29922479) (PMCID:PMC6003254)

Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Daly, Michael, Robb, Kathryn A. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-0411, Wood, Alex M. and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2015) Explaining the income and suicidality relationship: income rank is more strongly associated with suicidal thoughts and attempts than income. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 50(6), pp. 929-937. (doi: 10.1007/s00127-015-1050-1) (PMID:25893994)

Book Sections

Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Zortea, Tiago ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8451-0555 and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2022) Suicide and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic. In: Pompili, Maurizio (ed.) Suicide Risk Assessment and Prevention. Springer, pp. 691-701. ISBN 9783030420031 (doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-42003-1_95)

Zortea, Tiago C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8451-0555, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Melson, Ambrose J. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1415-3801 and O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2021) On suicide risk: from psychological processes to clinical assessment and intervention. In: Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology. Elsevier. ISBN 9780128093245 (doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-818697-8.00073-X)

Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Zortea, Tiago ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8451-0555 and O'Connor, Rory ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994 (2020) Status of the integrated motivational-volitional model of suicidal behaviour. In: De Leo, Diego and Poštuvan, Vita (eds.) Reducing the Toll of Suicide: Resources for Communities, Groups, and Individuals. Hogrefe Publishing: Göttingen, pp. 169-184. ISBN 9780889375697

O'Connor, Rory C. ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-4994, Cleare, Seonaid ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9356, Eschle, Sarah, Wetherall, Karen ORCID logoORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4000-8969 and Kirtley, Olivia J. (2016) The integrated motivational-volitional model of suicidal behavior. In: O'Connor, Rory C. and Pirkis, Jane (eds.) International Handbook of Suicide Prevention, Second Edition. Wiley Blackwell, pp. 220-240. ISBN 9781118903278 (doi: 10.1002/9781118903223.ch13)

This list was generated on Sat Aug 1 08:35:44 2026 BST.

Grants

Grants and Awards listed are those received whilst working with the University of Glasgow.

  • Understanding post-partum suicidal ideation through the lens of the IMV model
    The Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland
    2025 - 2026
     
  • Perinatal suicide and self-harm: Using data linkage to understand rates and risk factors for suicide deaths and self-harm admissions of women in Scotland during the perinatal period
    Research Data Scotland Limited
    2024 - 2025
     

Supervision

Karen supervises masters students on the Global Mental Health MSc, clinical doctoral trainee psychologists (DClinPsy), and PhD students. She is open to supervising PhD students on topics relating to suicide, self-harm and mental health. Prospective PhD students can contact her with a proposal: karen.wetherall@glasgow.ac.uk 

  • Croal, Megan
    Understanding biological aspects of the stress response in suicide risk

Research datasets

Jump to: 2024
Number of items: 1.

2024

Wetherall, K., Cleare, S. and O'Connor, R. (2024) EMERGE data for paper. [Data Collection]

This list was generated on Fri Jul 31 20:30:17 2026 BST.