Search our research staff
Dr Caroline Smith
- Honorary Research Fellow (College of Science & Engineering)
- Honorary Professor (School of Geographical & Earth Sciences)
Publications
2023
Cohen, Benjamin E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Mark, Darren F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Cassata, William S., Kalnins, Lara M., Lee, Martin
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Smith, Caroline L. and Shuster, David L.
(2023)
Synchronising rock clocks of Mars’ history: resolving the shergottite 40Ar/39Ar age paradox.
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 621,
118373.
(doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118373)
Hickman-Lewis, K. et al. (2023) Advanced two- and three-dimensional insights into Earth’s oldest stromatolites (ca. 3.5 Ga): prospects for the search for life on Mars. Geology, 51(1), pp. 33-38. (doi: 10.1130/g50390.1)
2022
King, A. J. et al. (2022) The Winchcombe meteorite, a unique and pristine witness from the outer solar system. Science Advances, 8(46), eabq3925. (doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abq3925) (PMID:36383648) (PMCID:PMC9668287)
Hickman-Lewis, K. et al. (2022) In situ identification of Paleoarchean biosignatures using colocated Perseverance rover analyses: perspectives for in situ Mars Science and Sample Return. Astrobiology, 22(9), pp. 1143-1163. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2022.0018) (PMID:35862422) (PMCID:PMC9508457)
Carrier, B. L. et al. (2022) Science and curation considerations for the design of a Mars Sample Return (MSR) sample receiving facility. Astrobiology, 22(S1), S-217. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0110)
Grady, M. M. et al. (2022) The scientific importance of returning airfall dust as a part of Mars Sample Return (MSR). Astrobiology, 22(S1), S-176-S-185. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0111)
Haltigin, T. et al. (2022) Rationale and proposed design for a Mars Sample Return (MSR) science program. Astrobiology, 22(S1), S-27-S-56. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0122)
Meyer, M. A. et al. (2022) Final report of the MSR Science Planning Group 2 (MSPG2). Astrobiology, 22(S1), S-5-S-26. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0121)
Tait, K. T. et al. (2022) Preliminary planning for Mars Sample Return (MSR) curation activities in a sample receiving facility. Astrobiology, 22(S1), S-57-S-80. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0105)
Tosca, N. J. et al. (2022) Time-sensitive aspects of Mars Sample Return (MSR) science. Astrobiology, 22(S1), S-81-S-111. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0115)
Velbel, M. A. et al. (2022) Planning implications related to sterilization-sensitive science investigations associated with Mars Sample Return (MSR). Astrobiology, 22(S1), S-112-S-164. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0113)
2018
Tremblay, M.M., Cohen, B.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Ickert, R.B.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4171-7676 and Smith, C.L.
(2018)
Revisiting the 40Ar/39Ar Chronology of Lunar Meteorite NWA 773 Provides New Constraints on its Diachronous Geologic History.
6th European Lunar Symposium, Toulouse, France, 14-16 May 2018.
(Unpublished)
Cassata, William S., Cohen, Benjamin E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Mark, Darren F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Trappitsch, Reto, Crow, Carolyn A., Wimpenny, Joshua, Lee, Martin R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622 and Smith, Caroline L.
(2018)
Chronology of martian breccia NWA 7034 and the formation of the martian crustal dichotomy.
Science Advances, 4(5),
eaap8306.
(doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aap8306)
(PMID:29806017)
(PMCID:PMC5966191)
Cohen, B.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Smith, C.L., Lee, M.R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Almeida, N., Cassata, W.S., Hallis, L.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6455-8415, Smith, A. and Daly, L.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7150-4092
(2018)
Northwest Africa 11522: A New Paired Stone of Martian Polymict Regolith Breccia Northwest Africa 7034.
49th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2018, The Woodlands, Texas, 19-23 March 2018.
2016
Lee, Martin T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Tomkinson, Tim, Mark, Darren F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773 and Smith, Caroline L.
(2016)
Carbon sequestration on Mars.
Geology, 44(6),
e388.
(doi: 10.1130/G37617C.1)
2015
Cohen, B.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Cassata, W.S., Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Tomkinson, T., Lee, M.R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622 and Smith, C.L
(2015)
Significance of the Cosmogenic Argon Correction in Deciphering the 40Ar/39Ar Ages of the Nakhlite (Martian) Meteorites.
AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, 14-18 Dec 2015.
Mark, D.F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Cohen, B.E.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Cassata, W.S., Lee, M.R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622 and Smith, C.L
(2015)
NWA 7034 Martian Breccia: 40Ar/39Ar Ages of 1.2 to 1.4 Ga.
AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, 14-18 Dec 2015.
Cohen, B.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Cassata, W.S., Lee, M.R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Smith, C.L. and Tomkinson, T.
(2015)
40Ar/39Ar of Meteorites at SUERC.
Meteorites and Solar System Formation Workshop (Barwell Meeting), London, UK, 02 Oct 2015.
Lee, Martin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, MacLaren, Ian
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5334-3010, Andersson, Susan, Kovacs, Andreas, Tomkinson, Tim, Mark, Darren
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773 and Smith, Caroline
(2015)
Opal-A in the Nakhla meteorite: a tracer of ephemeral liquid water in the Amazonian crust of Mars.
Meteoritics and Planetary Science, 50(8),
pp. 1362-1377.
(doi: 10.1111/maps.12471)
Cohen, B.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Lee, M.R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622 and Smith, C.L.
(2015)
Cooling of the H Chondrite Parent Body: Examination and Assessment of 40Ar/39Ar Age Data.
In: 46th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, The Woodlands, TX, USA, 16-20 Mar 2015,
Cohen, B.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Tomkinson, T., Lee, M.R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622 and Smith, C.L.
(2015)
Martian Igneous Activity and Fluid-Based Alteration: Chronological Constraints from 40Ar/39Ar Analyses of the Nakhlites.
In: 46th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, The Woodlands, TX, USA, 16-20 Mar 2015,
2014
Hallis, L.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6455-8415, Huss, G.R., Nagashima, K., Taylor, G.J., Stöffler, D., Smith, C.L. and Lee, M.R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622
(2014)
D/H and water sources in Tissint.
In: 77th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society, Casablanca, Morocco, 8-13 September 2014,
Lee, M.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, MacLaren, I.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5334-3010, Kovacs, A., Tomkinson, T., Mark, D.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Hallis, L.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6455-8415 and Smith, C.L.
(2014)
Coated silica nanoparticles in Nakhla iddingsite veins: implications for waterrock interaction within the Martian crust.
In: 77th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society, Casablanca, Morocco, 8-13 September 2014,
2013
Tomkinson, T., Lee, M.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773 and Smith, C.L.
(2013)
Sequestration of Martian CO2 by mineral carbonation.
Nature Communications, 4,
(doi: 10.1038/ncomms3662)
(PMID:24149494)
(PMCID:PMC4354006)
Tomkinson, T., Lee, M.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Stuart, F.M.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6395-7868 and Smith, C.
(2013)
Quantifying the timescales of fluid-rock interaction on Mars using the nakhlite meteorites.
In: 44th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Texas, TX, USA, 18-22 Mar 2013,
Lee, M.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Tomkinson, T., Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Stuart, F.M.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6395-7868 and Smith, C.L.
(2013)
Evidence for silicate dissolution on Mars from the Nakhla meteorite.
Meteoritics and Planetary Science, 48(2),
pp. 224-240.
(doi: 10.1111/maps.12053)
2011
Ross, A.J., Herrin, J.S., Mittlefehldt, D.W., Downes, H., Smith, C.L., Lee, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Jones, A.P., Jennisken, P. and Shaddad, M.H.
(2011)
Petrography and Geochemistry of Metals in Almahata Sitta Ureilites.
In: 42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Texas, USA, March 7–11, 2011,
2010
Sofe, M., Lee, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622 and Smith, C.L.
(2010)
Mg-Phyllosilicate Pseudomorphs after Calcite in the Pollen (CM2) Carbonaceous Chondrite: New Insights Into Aqueous
Alteration.
In: 73rd Annual Meteoritical Society Meeting, New York City, NY, 26-30 July 2010,
2007
Lee, M.R., Brown, D.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4015-7382, Smith, C.L., Hodson, M.E., MacKenzie, M. and Hellmann, R.
(2007)
Characterization of mineral surfaces using FIB and TEM: A case study of naturally weathered alkali feldspars.
American Mineralogist, 92(8-9),
pp. 1383-1394.
(doi: 10.2138/am.2007.2453)
Articles
Cohen, Benjamin E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Mark, Darren F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Cassata, William S., Kalnins, Lara M., Lee, Martin
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Smith, Caroline L. and Shuster, David L.
(2023)
Synchronising rock clocks of Mars’ history: resolving the shergottite 40Ar/39Ar age paradox.
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 621,
118373.
(doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118373)
Hickman-Lewis, K. et al. (2023) Advanced two- and three-dimensional insights into Earth’s oldest stromatolites (ca. 3.5 Ga): prospects for the search for life on Mars. Geology, 51(1), pp. 33-38. (doi: 10.1130/g50390.1)
King, A. J. et al. (2022) The Winchcombe meteorite, a unique and pristine witness from the outer solar system. Science Advances, 8(46), eabq3925. (doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abq3925) (PMID:36383648) (PMCID:PMC9668287)
Hickman-Lewis, K. et al. (2022) In situ identification of Paleoarchean biosignatures using colocated Perseverance rover analyses: perspectives for in situ Mars Science and Sample Return. Astrobiology, 22(9), pp. 1143-1163. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2022.0018) (PMID:35862422) (PMCID:PMC9508457)
Carrier, B. L. et al. (2022) Science and curation considerations for the design of a Mars Sample Return (MSR) sample receiving facility. Astrobiology, 22(S1), S-217. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0110)
Grady, M. M. et al. (2022) The scientific importance of returning airfall dust as a part of Mars Sample Return (MSR). Astrobiology, 22(S1), S-176-S-185. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0111)
Haltigin, T. et al. (2022) Rationale and proposed design for a Mars Sample Return (MSR) science program. Astrobiology, 22(S1), S-27-S-56. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0122)
Meyer, M. A. et al. (2022) Final report of the MSR Science Planning Group 2 (MSPG2). Astrobiology, 22(S1), S-5-S-26. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0121)
Tait, K. T. et al. (2022) Preliminary planning for Mars Sample Return (MSR) curation activities in a sample receiving facility. Astrobiology, 22(S1), S-57-S-80. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0105)
Tosca, N. J. et al. (2022) Time-sensitive aspects of Mars Sample Return (MSR) science. Astrobiology, 22(S1), S-81-S-111. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0115)
Velbel, M. A. et al. (2022) Planning implications related to sterilization-sensitive science investigations associated with Mars Sample Return (MSR). Astrobiology, 22(S1), S-112-S-164. (doi: 10.1089/ast.2021.0113)
Cassata, William S., Cohen, Benjamin E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Mark, Darren F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Trappitsch, Reto, Crow, Carolyn A., Wimpenny, Joshua, Lee, Martin R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622 and Smith, Caroline L.
(2018)
Chronology of martian breccia NWA 7034 and the formation of the martian crustal dichotomy.
Science Advances, 4(5),
eaap8306.
(doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aap8306)
(PMID:29806017)
(PMCID:PMC5966191)
Lee, Martin T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Tomkinson, Tim, Mark, Darren F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773 and Smith, Caroline L.
(2016)
Carbon sequestration on Mars.
Geology, 44(6),
e388.
(doi: 10.1130/G37617C.1)
Lee, Martin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, MacLaren, Ian
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5334-3010, Andersson, Susan, Kovacs, Andreas, Tomkinson, Tim, Mark, Darren
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773 and Smith, Caroline
(2015)
Opal-A in the Nakhla meteorite: a tracer of ephemeral liquid water in the Amazonian crust of Mars.
Meteoritics and Planetary Science, 50(8),
pp. 1362-1377.
(doi: 10.1111/maps.12471)
Tomkinson, T., Lee, M.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773 and Smith, C.L.
(2013)
Sequestration of Martian CO2 by mineral carbonation.
Nature Communications, 4,
(doi: 10.1038/ncomms3662)
(PMID:24149494)
(PMCID:PMC4354006)
Lee, M.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Tomkinson, T., Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Stuart, F.M.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6395-7868 and Smith, C.L.
(2013)
Evidence for silicate dissolution on Mars from the Nakhla meteorite.
Meteoritics and Planetary Science, 48(2),
pp. 224-240.
(doi: 10.1111/maps.12053)
Lee, M.R., Brown, D.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4015-7382, Smith, C.L., Hodson, M.E., MacKenzie, M. and Hellmann, R.
(2007)
Characterization of mineral surfaces using FIB and TEM: A case study of naturally weathered alkali feldspars.
American Mineralogist, 92(8-9),
pp. 1383-1394.
(doi: 10.2138/am.2007.2453)
Conference or Workshop Item
Tremblay, M.M., Cohen, B.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Ickert, R.B.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4171-7676 and Smith, C.L.
(2018)
Revisiting the 40Ar/39Ar Chronology of Lunar Meteorite NWA 773 Provides New Constraints on its Diachronous Geologic History.
6th European Lunar Symposium, Toulouse, France, 14-16 May 2018.
(Unpublished)
Cohen, B.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Smith, C.L., Lee, M.R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Almeida, N., Cassata, W.S., Hallis, L.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6455-8415, Smith, A. and Daly, L.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7150-4092
(2018)
Northwest Africa 11522: A New Paired Stone of Martian Polymict Regolith Breccia Northwest Africa 7034.
49th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2018, The Woodlands, Texas, 19-23 March 2018.
Cohen, B.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Cassata, W.S., Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Tomkinson, T., Lee, M.R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622 and Smith, C.L
(2015)
Significance of the Cosmogenic Argon Correction in Deciphering the 40Ar/39Ar Ages of the Nakhlite (Martian) Meteorites.
AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, 14-18 Dec 2015.
Mark, D.F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Cohen, B.E.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Cassata, W.S., Lee, M.R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622 and Smith, C.L
(2015)
NWA 7034 Martian Breccia: 40Ar/39Ar Ages of 1.2 to 1.4 Ga.
AGU Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, 14-18 Dec 2015.
Cohen, B.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Cassata, W.S., Lee, M.R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Smith, C.L. and Tomkinson, T.
(2015)
40Ar/39Ar of Meteorites at SUERC.
Meteorites and Solar System Formation Workshop (Barwell Meeting), London, UK, 02 Oct 2015.
Conference Proceedings
Cohen, B.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Lee, M.R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622 and Smith, C.L.
(2015)
Cooling of the H Chondrite Parent Body: Examination and Assessment of 40Ar/39Ar Age Data.
In: 46th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, The Woodlands, TX, USA, 16-20 Mar 2015,
Cohen, B.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-8998, Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Tomkinson, T., Lee, M.R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622 and Smith, C.L.
(2015)
Martian Igneous Activity and Fluid-Based Alteration: Chronological Constraints from 40Ar/39Ar Analyses of the Nakhlites.
In: 46th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, The Woodlands, TX, USA, 16-20 Mar 2015,
Hallis, L.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6455-8415, Huss, G.R., Nagashima, K., Taylor, G.J., Stöffler, D., Smith, C.L. and Lee, M.R.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622
(2014)
D/H and water sources in Tissint.
In: 77th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society, Casablanca, Morocco, 8-13 September 2014,
Lee, M.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, MacLaren, I.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5334-3010, Kovacs, A., Tomkinson, T., Mark, D.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Hallis, L.J.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6455-8415 and Smith, C.L.
(2014)
Coated silica nanoparticles in Nakhla iddingsite veins: implications for waterrock interaction within the Martian crust.
In: 77th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society, Casablanca, Morocco, 8-13 September 2014,
Tomkinson, T., Lee, M.R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Mark, D.F.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-9773, Stuart, F.M.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6395-7868 and Smith, C.
(2013)
Quantifying the timescales of fluid-rock interaction on Mars using the nakhlite meteorites.
In: 44th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Texas, TX, USA, 18-22 Mar 2013,
Ross, A.J., Herrin, J.S., Mittlefehldt, D.W., Downes, H., Smith, C.L., Lee, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622, Jones, A.P., Jennisken, P. and Shaddad, M.H.
(2011)
Petrography and Geochemistry of Metals in Almahata Sitta Ureilites.
In: 42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Texas, USA, March 7–11, 2011,
Sofe, M., Lee, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6004-3622 and Smith, C.L.
(2010)
Mg-Phyllosilicate Pseudomorphs after Calcite in the Pollen (CM2) Carbonaceous Chondrite: New Insights Into Aqueous
Alteration.
In: 73rd Annual Meteoritical Society Meeting, New York City, NY, 26-30 July 2010,