Professor Hamish McLeod

Professor of Clinical Psychology (Mental Health & Wellbeing)

telephone: +44 (0) 141 211 3922
email: Hamish.McLeod@glasgow.ac.uk

Mental Health and Wellbeing, Clarice Pears Building, 90 Byres Road, G12 8TB

Research interests

Hamish McLeod is a Clinical Psychologist with over 20 years of experience in clinical practice, research, and post-graduate professional training. He has worked in New Zealand, Australia, England and Scotland in both healthcare and university settings. He is currently the Programme Director for the Glasgow University Doctorate in Clinical Psychology, Senior Lecturer in the Mental Health and Wellbeing Research Group, and an Honorary Consultant Clinical Psychologist with NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. He completed his original clinical psychology training in New Zealand and his PhD at Imperial College, London. His research programme is focused on understanding mechanisms of change in psychological therapies and the development, evaluation, and scaling up of complex psychological interventions. A major focus of his current work is on the psychological understanding and effective treatment of avolition-apathy, anhedonia, and difficulties with self-awareness.

Publications

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Jump to: 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2006 | 2004 | 2002 | 1994

Number of items: 76.

2024

Malik, J., White, N. , McLeod, H. J. and Hakim, C. (2024) The evolving experiences and impacts of divorce for women living in Palestine: A mixed-method narrative analysis. Journal of Gender Studies, (Accepted for Publication)

2023

McGuire, N. et al. (2023) Investigating the relationship between specific negative symptoms and metacognitive functioning in psychosis: a systematic review. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, (doi: 10.1111/papt.12505) (PMID:37864383) (Early Online Publication)

Allan, S. et al. (2023) Using EMPOWER in daily life: a qualitative investigation of implementation experiences. BMC Psychiatry, 23(1), 597. (doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-05096-x) (PMID:37592231) (PMCID:PMC10433590)

McGuire, N. et al. (2023) Investigating the relationship between negative symptoms and metacognitive functioning in psychosis: an individual participant data meta-analysis. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, (doi: 10.1111/papt.12484) (PMID:37530433) (Early Online Publication)

Edwards, C. J. et al. (2023) The voice characterisation checklist: psychometric properties of a brief clinical assessment of voices as social agents. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1192655. (doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1192655) (PMID:37559917) (PMCID:PMC10408443)

Gould, R. L. et al. (2023) Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for people living with motor neuron disease: an uncontrolled feasibility study. Pilot and Feasibility Studies, 9, 116. (doi: 10.1186/s40814-023-01354-7) (PMID:37420261) (PMCID:PMC10327371)

Gallacher, K. I. , Taylor-Rowan, M. , Eton, D. T., McLeod, H. , Kidd, L. , Wood, K., Sardar, A., Quinn, T. J. and Mair, F. S. (2023) Protocol for the development and validation of a patient reported measure (PRM) of treatment burden in stroke. Health Open Research, 5, 17. (doi: 10.12688/healthopenres.13334.1)

Yokoyama, K., Furuhashi, T., Yamamoto, Y., Rooksby, M. and McLeod, H. J. (2023) An examination of the potential benefits of expert guided physical activity for supporting recovery from extreme social withdrawal: two case reports focused on the treatment of Hikikomori. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, 1084384. (doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1084384) (PMID:37032932) (PMCID:PMC10076732)

Allan, S., O’Driscoll, C., McLeod, H. , Gleeson, J., Farhall, J., Morton, E., Bell, I., Bradstreet, S. , Machin, M. and Gumley, A. (2023) Fear of psychotic relapse: exploring dynamic relationships with common early warning signs of relapse using electronic once-a-day self-reports. Psychosis, (doi: 10.1080/17522439.2022.2162955) (Early Online Publication)

2022

Aunjitsakul, W., McLeod, H. J. and Gumley, A. (2022) Understanding psychological mechanisms linking social anxiety and paranoia: a cross-cultural general population survey in Thailand and the United Kingdom. Psychiatry Research Communications, 2(4), 100079. (doi: 10.1016/j.psycom.2022.100079)

Gumley, A. I. et al. (2022) The EMPOWER blended digital intervention for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial in Scotland and Australia. Lancet Psychiatry, 9(6), pp. 477-486. (doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00103-1)

McLeod, H. J. (2022) Splitting things apart to put them back together again: a targeted review and analysis of psychological therapy RCTs addressing recovery from negative symptoms. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 826692. (doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.826692) (PMID:35633793) (PMCID:PMC9133443)

Gumley, A. I. et al. (2022) Digital smartphone intervention to recognise and manage early warning signs in schizophrenia to prevent relapse: the EMPOWER feasibility cluster RCT. Health Technology Assessment, 26(27), (doi: 10.3310/hlze0479) (PMID:35639493) (PMCID:PMC9376801)

Aunjitsakul, W., McLeod, H. J. and Gumley, A. (2022) Investigating key mechanisms mediating the relationship between social anxiety and paranoia: a 3-month follow-up cross-cultural survey conducted in Thailand and the United Kingdom. Psychiatry Research Communications, 2(1), 100028. (doi: 10.1016/j.psycom.2022.100028)

2021

Aunjitsakul, W., McGuire, N., McLeod, H. and Gumley, A. (2021) Candidate factors maintaining social anxiety in the context of psychotic experiences: a systematic review. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 47(5), pp. 1218-1242. (doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbab026) (PMID:33778868)

Gonsalvez, C. J., Shafranske, E. P., McLeod, H. J. and Falender, C. A. (2021) Competency-based standards and guidelines for psychology practice in Australia: opportunities and risks. Clinical Psychologist, 25(3), pp. 244-259. (doi: 10.1080/13284207.2020.1829943)

McLeod, H. J. , McGuire, N. and Gumley, A. (2021) The recovery of sense of self while coping with negative symptoms. In: Hasson-Ohayon, I. and Lysaker, P. H. (eds.) The Recovery of the Self in Psychosis: Contributions from Metacognitive and Mentalization Based Oriented Psychotherapy. Routledge: London. ISBN 9781138598195

Garety, P. et al. (2021) Optimising AVATAR therapy for people who hear distressing voices: study protocol for the AVATAR2 multi-centre randomised controlled trial. Trials, 22(1), 366. (doi: 10.1186/s13063-021-05301-w) (PMID:34034792) (PMCID:PMC8145186)

Allan, S. et al. (2021) Perspectives of trial staff on the barriers to recruitment in a digital intervention for psychosis and how to work around them: qualitative study within a trial. JMIR Human Factors, 8(1), e2405. (doi: 10.2196/24055) (PMID:33666555) (PMCID:PMC7980120)

2020

Torkamani, A. M., Atherton, R., Dunbar, M. and McLeod, H. J. (2020) Development and testing of a checklist to assess compliance with the faculty of pain medicine’s core standards for pain management services: experience in a new national tertiary pain service. British Journal of Pain, 14(4), pp. 221-226. (doi: 10.1177/2049463719860878) (PMID:33194186)

Rooksby, M. , Furuhashi, T. and McLeod, H. J. (2020) Hikikomori: a hidden mental health need following the COVID-19 pandemic. World Psychiatry, 19(3), pp. 399-400. (doi: 10.1002/wps.20804) (PMID:32931118)

Maloney, C. A., Abel, W. D. and McLeod, H. J. (2020) Jamaican adolescents’ receptiveness to digital mental health services: a cross-sectional survey from rural and urban communities. Internet Interventions, 21, 100325. (doi: 10.1016/j.invent.2020.100325)

Hasson-Ohayon, I., Gumley, A. I. , McLeod, H. and Lysaker, P. H. (2020) Metacognition and intersubjectivity: reconsidering their relationship following advances from the study of persons with psychosis. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 567. (doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00567) (PMID:32269546) (PMCID:PMC7109331)

Allan, S., Bradstreet, S. , McLeod, H. J. , Gleeson, J., Farhall, J., Lambrou, M., Clark, A. and Gumley, A. I. (2020) Perspectives of patients, carers and mental health staff on early warning signs of relapse in psychosis: a qualitative investigation. BJPsych Open, 6(1), e3. (doi: 10.1192/bjo.2019.88) (PMID:31826793) (PMCID:PMC7001464)

Gumley, A. et al. (2020) Early signs monitoring to prevent relapse in psychosis and promote well-being, engagement, and recovery: protocol for a feasibility cluster randomized controlled trial harnessing mobile phone technology blended with peer support. JMIR Research Protocols, 9(1), e15058. (doi: 10.2196/15058) (PMID:31917372)

White, R. G. , Larkin, P., McCluskey, J., Lloyd, J. and McLeod, H. J. (2020) The development of the ‘Forms of Responding to Self-Critical Thoughts Scale’ (FoReST). Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 15, pp. 20-29. (doi: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.11.003)

2019

Allan, S., McLeod, H. , Bradstreet, S. , Beedie, S., Moir, B., Gleeson, J., Farhall, J., Morton, E. and Gumley, A. (2019) Understanding implementation of a digital self-monitoring intervention for relapse prevention in psychosis: protocol for a mixed methods process evaluation. JMIR Research Protocols, 8(12), e15634. (doi: 10.2196/15634) (PMID:31821154) (PMCID:PMC6930509)

McLeod, H. and Griffiths, H. (2019) Promoting recovery from negative symptoms: an attachment theory perspective. In: Berry, K., Bucci, S. and Danquah, A. N. (eds.) Attachment Theory and Psychosis: Current Perspectives and Future Directions. Routledge: London, pp. 62-83. ISBN 9781138956759

Allan, S., Bradstreet, S. , McLeod, H. , Farhall, J., Lambrou, M., Gleeson, J., Clark, A. and Gumley, A. (2019) Developing a hypothetical implementation framework of expectations for monitoring early signs of psychosis relapse using a mobile app: qualitative study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21(10), e14366. (doi: 10.2196/14366) (PMID:31651400) (PMCID:PMC6838692)

Whiting, D., Deane, F., McLeod, H. , Ciarrochi, J. and Simpson, G. (2019) Can Acceptance and Commitment Therapy facilitate psychological adjustment after a severe traumatic brain injury? A pilot randomised controlled trial. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, (doi: 10.1080/09602011.2019.1583582) (PMID:30789059)

Morrison, A. P. et al. (2019) Cognitive behavioural therapy for clozapine-resistant schizophrenia: the FOCUS RCT. Health Technology Assessment, 23(7),

Kuei, T., Tsai, M., McLeod, H. J. , White, R. G. and Kanter, J. (2019) Using the primary process emotional–behavioural system to better meet patient needs in psychotherapy. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 26(1), pp. 55-73. (doi: 10.1002/cpp.2330) (PMID:30203890)

Campbell, I. N., Gallagher, M., McLeod, H. J. , O'Neill, B. and McMillan, T. M. (2019) Brief compassion focused imagery for treatment of severe head injury. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 29(6), pp. 917-927. (doi: 10.1080/09602011.2017.1342663) (PMID:28664763)

Gallagher, M., McLeod, H. J. and McMillan, T. M. (2019) A systematic review of recommended modifications of CBT for people with cognitive impairments following brain injury. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 29(1), pp. 1-21. (doi: 10.1080/09602011.2016.1258367) (PMID:27873549)

2018

Morrison, A. et al. (2018) Cognitive behavioural therapy in clozapine-resistant schizophrenia (FOCUS): an assessor-blinded, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Psychiatry, 5(8), pp. 633-643. (doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30184-6) (PMID:30001930) (PMCID:PMC6063993)

Whiting, D. L., Deane, F. P., Simpson, G. K., Ciarrochi, J. V. and McLeod, H. J. (2018) Acceptance and commitment therapy delivered in a dyad after a severe traumatic brain injury: a feasibility study. Clinical Psychologist, 22(2), pp. 230-240. (doi: 10.1111/cp.12118)

2017

Ashworth, F., Evans, J. and McLeod, H. (2017) Third wave cognitive behavioural therapies: compassion focussed therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, and positive psychology for people with brain injury. In: Wilson, B. A., Winegardner, J., van Heugten, C. M. and Ownsworth, T. (eds.) Neuropsychological Rehabilitation: The International Handbook. Routledge: London ; New York, pp. 327-339. ISBN 9781138643093

Gumley, A. et al. (2017) A parallel group randomised open blinded evaluation of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for depression after psychosis: pilot trial outcomes (ADAPT). Schizophrenia Research, 183, pp. 143-150. (doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.11.026) (PMID:27894822)

Fernando, S. M., Deane, F. P., McLeod, H. J. and Davis, E. L. (2017) Carer burden and stigma in schizophrenia and affective disorders: experiences from Sri Lanka. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 26, pp. 77-81. (doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2017.01.023)

Fernando, S. M., Deane, F. P. and McLeod, H. J. (2017) The delaying effect of stigma on mental health help‐seeking in Sri Lanka. Asia-Pacific Psychiatry, 9(1), e12255. (doi: 10.1111/appy.12255) (PMID:28147468)

McLeod, H. , Ashworth, F. and McMillan, T. M. (2017) Interventions for adjustment, impaired self-awareness and empathy. In: McMillan, T. M. and Wood, R. L. (eds.) Neurobehavioural Disability and Social Handicap Following Traumatic Brain Injury, 2nd Edition. Series: Brain, behaviour and cognition. Routledge: London, pp. 152-166. ISBN 9781138923928 (doi: 10.4324/9781315684710-11)

Leonhardt, B. L., Huling, K., Hamm, J. A., Roe, D., Hasson-Ohayon, I., McLeod, H. J. and Lysaker, P. H. (2017) Recovery and serious mental illness: a review of current clinical and research paradigms and future directions. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 17(11), pp. 1117-1130. (doi: 10.1080/14737175.2017.1378099)

Whiting, D. L., Deane, F. P., Simpson, G. K., McLeod, H. J. and Ciarrochi, J. (2017) Cognitive and psychological flexibility after a traumatic brain injury and the implications for treatment in acceptance-based therapies: a conceptual review. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 27(2), pp. 263-299. (doi: 10.1080/09602011.2015.1062115) (PMID:26156228)

2016

Pyle, M. et al. (2016) Design and protocol for the Focusing on Clozapine Unresponsive Symptoms (FOCUS) trial: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry, 16, 280. (doi: 10.1186/s12888-016-0983-6) (PMID:27496180) (PMCID:PMC4974812)

MacBeth, A., Gumley, A. , Schwannauer, M., Carcione, A., McLeod, H. J. and Dimaggio, G. (2016) Metacognition in first episode psychosis: item level analysis of associations with symptoms and engagement. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 23(4), pp. 329-339. (doi: 10.1002/cpp.1959) (PMID:25963712)

McLeod, H. , Thomas, N., Rossell, S. and Gumley, A. (2016) Emotional processes in understanding and treating psychosis. In: Menzies, R., Kyrios, M. and Kazantzis, N. (eds.) Innovations and Future Directions in the Behavioural and Cognitive Therapies. Australian Academic Press: Samford Valley, Queensland. ISBN 9781922117700

McLeod, H. J. , Johns, L. and White, R. (2016) Improving the implementation fidelity and reach of ACT for complex needs. In: Menzies, R., Kyrios, M. and Kazantzis, N. (eds.) Innovations and Future Directions in the Behavioural and Cognitive Therapies. Australian Academic Press: Samford Valley, Queensland. ISBN 9781922117700

Gumley, A. et al. (2016) A parallel group randomised open blinded evaluation of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Depression After Psychosis: A Pilot Trial Protocol (ADAPT). Psychosis, 8(2), pp. 143-155. (doi: 10.1080/17522439.2015.1100669)

McLeod, H. , Gallagher, M., Campbell, I., O'Neil, B. and McMillan, T. (2016) New Approaches to Understanding and Treating Empathy Deficits Following Severe Head Injury. The International Brain Injury Association’s Eleventh World Congress on Brain Injury, The Hague, The Netherlands, 02-05 Mar 2016.

McLeod, H. , Moynan, C., O'Meara, N., White, R. , O'Neil, B., Patterson, N., Whiting, D. and McMillan, T. (2016) The Feasibility of Using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) to Promote Recovery Following Severe Head Injury. The International Brain Injury Association’s Eleventh World Congress on Brain Injury, The Hague, The Netherlands, 02-05 Mar 2016.

2015

Lysaker, P. H. et al. (2015) Metacognitive deficits predict future levels of negative symptoms in schizophrenia controlling for neurocognition, affect recognition, and self-expectation of goal attainment. Schizophrenia Research, 168(1-2), pp. 267-272. (doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.06.015) (PMID:26164820)

White, R.G. , Gumley, A.I. , McTaggart, J., Rattrie, L., McConville, D., Cleare, S. , McLeod, H.J. and Mitchell, G. (2015) Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for depression following psychosis: an examination of clinically significant change. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 4(3), pp. 203-209. (doi: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2015.06.004)

Gumley, A. I. , MacBeth, A., Reilly, J., O'Grady, M., White, R. G. , McLeod, H. , Schwannauer, M. and Power, K. G. (2015) Fear of recurrence: results of a randomized trial of relapse detection in schizophrenia. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 54(1), pp. 49-62. (doi: 10.1111/bjc.12060)

McLeod, H. (2015) Disseminating and implementing acceptance and mindfulness-based approaches to psychosis. In: Gaudiano, B. A. (ed.) Incorporating Acceptance and Mindfulness into the Treatment of Psychosis: Current Trends and Future Directions. Oxford University Press: Oxford, pp. 227-252. ISBN 9780199997213

Whiting, D. L., Deane, F. P., Ciarrochi, J., McLeod, H. and Simpson, G. K. (2015) Validating measures of psychological flexibility in a population with acquired brain injury. Psychological Assessment, 27(2), pp. 415-423. (doi: 10.1037/pas0000050) (PMID:25419644)

2014

White, R. G. , Lysaker, P., Gumley, A. I. , McLeod, H. , McCleery, M., O’Neill, D., MacBeth, A., Giurgi-Oncu, C. and Mulholland, C. C. (2014) Plasma cortisol levels and illness appraisal in deficit syndrome schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 220(3), pp. 765-771. (doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.08.043)

Buck, K. D., McLeod, H. , Gumley, A. , Dimaggio, G., Buck, B. E., Minor, K. S., James, A. V. and Lysaker, P. H. (2014) Anhedonia in prolonged schizophrenia spectrum patients with relatively lower vs. higher levels of depression disorders: associations with deficits in social cognition and metacognition. Consciousness and Cognition, 29, pp. 68-75. (doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2014.07.005)

McLeod, H. J. , Gumley, A. I. , MacBeth, A., Schwannauer, M. and Lysaker, P. H. (2014) Metacognitive functioning predicts positive and negative symptoms over 12 months in first episode psychosis. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 54, pp. 109-115. (doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.03.018) (PMID:24725651)

MacBeth, A., Gumley, A. , Schwannauer, M., Carcione, A., Fisher, R., McLeod, H. J. and Dimaggio, G. (2014) Metacognition, symptoms and premorbid functioning in a first episode psychosis sample. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 55(2), pp. 268-273. (doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.08.027)

McLeod, H. J. , Gumley, A. and Schwannauer, M. (2014) The impact of metacognition on the development and maintenance of negative symptoms. In: Lysaker, P. H., Dimaggio, G. and Brune, M. (eds.) Social Cognition and Metacognition in Schizophrenia: Psychopathology andTreatment Approaches. Academic Press: London, pp. 115-135. ISBN 9780124051720 (doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-405172-0.00007-7)

2013

McLeod, H.J. (2013) Clinical neuropsychological foundations of schizophrenia. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, pp. 1-3. (doi: 10.1080/09602011.2013.814294)[Book Review]

2012

Whiting, D.L., Simpson, G.K., McLeod, H.J. , Deane, F.P. and Ciarrochi, J. (2012) Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for psychological adjustment after traumatic brain injury: reporting the protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Brain Impairment, 13(03), pp. 360-376. (doi: 10.1017/BrImp.2012.28)

McLeod, H. and Ciarrioch, J. (2012) The self in cognitive behavior therapy. In: McHugh, L. and Stewart, I. (eds.) The Self and Perspective Taking: Contributions and Applications from Modern Behavioral Science. Context Press/New Harbinger Publications: Oakland, CA, USA. ISBN 9781572249950

McLeod, H.J. and King, R. (2012) Cognitive remediation. In: King, R., Lloyd, C., Meehan, T., Deane, F.P. and Kavanagh, D.J. (eds.) Handbook of Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Blackwell: Oxford, UK. ISBN 9781405133081

2010

Fernando, S., Deane, F.P. and McLeod, H.J. (2010) Sri Lankan doctors' and medical undergraduates' attitudes towards mental illness. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 45(7), pp. 733-739. (doi: 10.1007/s00127-009-0113-6)

2009

McLeod, H.J. (2009) Unravelling the concussive effects of trauma. Personality and Mental Health, 3(4), pp. 307-310. (doi: 10.1002/pmh.97)

Thomas, N., McLeod, H.J. and Brewin, C.R. (2009) Interpersonal complementarity in responses to auditory hallucinations in psychosis. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 48(4), pp. 411-424. (doi: 10.1348/014466509X411937)

McLeod, H.J. , Coertze, L. and Moore, E. (2009) The relationship between insight and social rank appraisals in people with schizophrenia. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 48(3), pp. 329-334. (doi: 10.1348/978185409X443378)

McLeod, H.J. , Jaques, S. and Deane, F.P. (2009) Base rates of physical activity in Australians with schizophrenia. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 32(4), pp. 269-275. (doi: 10.2975/32.4.2009.269.275)

2008

Gonsalvez, C.J. and McLeod, H.J. (2008) Toward the science-informed practice of clinical supervision: The Australian context. Australian Psychologist, 43(2), pp. 79-87. (doi: 10.1080/00050060802054869)

2006

McLeod, H.J. , Densley, L. and Chapman, K. (2006) The effects of training in behaviour modification strategies on stress, burnout, and therapeutic attitudes in frontline inpatient mental health nurses. Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling, 12(1), pp. 1-10. (doi: 10.1375/jrc.12.1.1)

Wood, N., Brewin, C.R. and McLeod, H.J. (2006) Autobiographical memory deficits in schizophrenia. Cognition and Emotion, 20(3-4), pp. 536-547. (doi: 10.1080/02699930500342472)

2004

McLeod, H. , Byrne, M. and Aitken, R. (2004) Automatism and dissociation: Disturbances of consciousness and volition from a psychological perspective. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 27(5), pp. 471-487. (doi: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2004.06.007)

2002

McLeod, H.J. , Deane, F. P. and Hogbin, B. (2002) Changing staff attitudes and empathy for working with people with psychosis. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 30(4), pp. 459-470. (doi: 10.1017/S1352465802004071)

1994

McLeod, H.J. and Deane, F.P. (1994) Confirmation of precounselling expectations: Does expectation valence moderate changes in state anxiety? International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 17(2), pp. 139-147. (doi: 10.1007/BF01407970)

Deane, F.P. and McLeod, H.J. (1994) Expectation change in the first counselling session. New Zealand Journal of Counselling, 16, pp. 55-60.

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