cartilage

Hyaline cartilage Hyaline cartilage (commonly called "gristle") and bone are the two sclerous ("hard") tissues of the body.

In the early embryo, the skeleton of the limbs is initially formed of hyaline (= "glassy") cartilage which is gradually replaced by the bone except for the ends of bones. Thus, at a joint, articulation is actually between cartilaginous surfaces rather than bony ones.

This is important because cartilage is a far more efficient surface for articulation, being highly resilient and capable of deformation: it is much better able to withstand the forces acting on a joint than bone itself.

cartilage consists of nests of cells (chondrocytes) embedded in a matrix which is rich in collagen fibres.