References

All pictures and information was taken from the following books and adapted for this project.

Books Used

Alling Charles C (1998) Maxillofacial trauma. Philadelphia : Lea & Febiger

Dimitroulis George (1994) Maxillofacial injuries : a synopsis of basic principles, diagnosis and management Oxford : Wright, 1994

Killey Homer Charles (1991). Killey's Fractures of the mandible 4th ed Oxford : Wright

Killey Homer Charles (1987) Killey's fractures of the middle third of the facial skeleton 5th ed  London : Wright,

Mitchell David  A. (1995) Oxford handbook of clinical dentistry 2nd ed. Oxford New York : Oxford University Press

Raymond J. Fonseca, Robert V. Walker. (1997) Oral and maxillofacial trauma 2nd ed. Philadelphia London : W.B. Saunders Co.

Scully C. M. Crispian Michael (1998) Oxford handbook of dental patient care. Oxford : Oxford University Press

J. Ll. Williams (1994) Rowe and Williams' Maxillofacial injuries 2nd ed. Edinburgh : Churchill Livingstone

 

Journals Used

Andersson et al (1984) Jaw fractures in the country of Stockholm (1978 - 1980). (1) General Surgery.  International Journal of Oral Surgery 5, 8.

van Beek et al (1993) Changes in the pattern of maxillofacial injuries. London:1993 Autum Meeting of British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

Crikelair G.F et al. (1972). A critical look at the 'blow out' fracture. Plast. Reconstr. Surg., 49, 374.

Converse J.M et al.  (1957). Enophthalmos and diplopia in fractures of the orbital floor. Br. J. Plast. Surg., 9, 265

Ellis E, et al (1985) Ten years of mandibular fractures - an analysis of 2137 cases.  Oral surg. Oral Med. Oral Path. 59, 120.

Lindahl L. (1977). Condylar fractures of the mandible. I. Classification and relation to age, occlusion and concomitant injuries of teeth and teeth - supporting structures and fractures of the mandibular body. Int. J.Oral Surg, 6, 12.

Perkins, C et al (1998) The aetiology of maxillofacial injuries and the seat belt law.  British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 26, 353 - 363.

Sheherd, J et al. (1988) Assault; characteristics of victims attending an inner city hospital.  Injury 19, 185.

Siana, J et al (1986) Injuries in taekwando.  British Journal of Sports Medicine, 20, 165 - 166.